What is the role of Schwann cells in the repair of nerve fibers?
Transmit electrical impulses
Form myelin sheaths around axons
Generate neurotransmitters
Guide the regeneration of nerve fibers
The Correct Answer is D
A. Transmit electrical impulses: Transmission of electrical impulses along neurons is the function of the neurons themselves, not Schwann cells. Schwann cells support this process but do not directly carry impulses.
B. Form myelin sheaths around axons: Schwann cells do form the myelin sheath in the peripheral nervous system, which insulates axons and speeds up signal conduction. However, in the context of nerve repair, their guiding role is more critical.
C. Generate neurotransmitters: Neurotransmitters are produced by neurons at synaptic terminals to facilitate communication between cells. Schwann cells do not synthesize neurotransmitters.
D. Guide the regeneration of nerve fibers: During nerve injury, Schwann cells play a key role in repair by forming bands of Büngner that guide regrowing axons toward their target tissues. They also secrete growth factors that support axonal regeneration, making them essential for nerve fiber repair.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Cardiac muscle: Cardiac muscle is found only in the heart. It contracts involuntarily to pump blood and does not move the skeleton.
B. Smooth muscle: Smooth muscle is located in the walls of internal organs and blood vessels. It controls involuntary movements like peristalsis and vessel constriction, not skeletal movement.
C. Skeletal muscle: Skeletal muscle attaches to bones via tendons and contracts voluntarily to produce movement of the skeleton. It also helps maintain posture and generates heat during activity.
D. Connective tissue: Connective tissue, such as ligaments and tendons, supports and connects structures but does not contract to produce skeletal movement.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Larynx: The larynx houses the vocal cords and contributes to airway protection and sound production. While it moves upward during swallowing to help partially close the airway, it does not directly block food from entering the trachea; the epiglottis is the main structure that performs this protective function.
B. Bronchi: The bronchi are the main airways that branch from the trachea into the lungs. They do not actively prevent food from entering the airway during swallowing. If food reaches the bronchi, it indicates aspiration, which can lead to serious respiratory complications.
C. Epiglottis: The epiglottis is a leaf-shaped flap of cartilage that covers the trachea during swallowing. It directs food and liquids into the esophagus, preventing them from entering the respiratory tract. This protective mechanism is crucial for preventing choking and aspiration pneumonia.
D. Diaphragm: The diaphragm is a primary muscle of respiration, creating negative pressure to allow inhalation. It does not participate in swallowing or airway protection, and it does not prevent food or liquids from entering the trachea.
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