What is the therapeutic effect of a vasodilator?
Decreased inflammation
Increased heart rate
Decreased blood pressure
Increased platelet count
The Correct Answer is C
A. Decreased inflammation: Vasodilators primarily act on vascular smooth muscle to relax blood vessels, reducing systemic vascular resistance. They do not directly target inflammatory pathways, so reducing inflammation is not their therapeutic effect.
B. Increased heart rate: While some vasodilators may cause reflex tachycardia as a secondary response to lowered blood pressure, an increased heart rate is not the intended therapeutic effect. The primary goal is to reduce vascular resistance and blood pressure.
C. Decreased blood pressure: The main therapeutic effect of vasodilators is the relaxation of arterial and sometimes venous smooth muscle, which lowers systemic vascular resistance. This results in decreased blood pressure, easing the workload on the heart and improving tissue perfusion.
D. Increased platelet count: Vasodilators do not affect platelet production or function. Their mechanism of action is centered on vessel relaxation rather than hematologic changes, so platelet count remains unaffected.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Acute heart failure: Milrinone is a phosphodiesterase-3 inhibitor that increases cardiac contractility and promotes vasodilation. It is indicated for short-term management of acute decompensated heart failure, especially when conventional therapies are insufficient.
B. Atrial fibrillation: Milrinone does not have a primary role in managing atrial fibrillation. Antiarrhythmic medications, rate control agents, or anticoagulants are preferred for this condition.
C. Chronic stable angina: Milrinone is not indicated for chronic stable angina. Antianginal therapies such as nitrates, beta-blockers, or calcium channel blockers are more appropriate for symptom management in this condition.
D. Chronic hypertension: Milrinone is not used for chronic hypertension management. Its potent inotropic and vasodilatory effects are designed for acute cardiac support rather than long-term blood pressure control.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Metformin: Metformin is an oral antihyperglycemic agent used to manage type 2 diabetes. It does not have sedative properties or significant central nervous system depressant effects, so it does not interact with diphenhydramine to increase CNS depression.
B. Sedatives: Sedatives, including benzodiazepines, barbiturates, and alcohol, can enhance the central nervous system depressant effects of diphenhydramine. Concurrent use increases drowsiness, dizziness, and risk of impaired cognitive or motor function, which can be dangerous, especially in older adults.
C. Soy sauce: Soy sauce is a dietary condiment and does not affect CNS activity. It does not potentiate the sedative effects of diphenhydramine and is not relevant to interactions involving CNS depression.
D. Caffeine: Caffeine is a central nervous system stimulant that can counteract the sedative effects of diphenhydramine rather than enhance CNS depression. Its interaction is the opposite, potentially reducing drowsiness caused by antihistamines.
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