What is the therapeutic effect of dobutamine?
Increases cardiac output
Promotes diuresis
increases blood pressure
Inhibits platelet aggregation
The Correct Answer is A
A. Increases cardiac output: Dobutamine is a beta-1 adrenergic agonist that primarily increases the strength of myocardial contractions, leading to enhanced cardiac output. It is commonly used in clients with heart failure or cardiogenic shock to improve tissue perfusion without significantly increasing heart rate.
B. Promotes diuresis: Dobutamine does not have a direct diuretic effect. While improved cardiac output may indirectly enhance renal perfusion and urine output, promoting diuresis is not its primary therapeutic action.
C. Increases blood pressure: Dobutamine may slightly increase systolic blood pressure due to improved cardiac output, but it is not primarily used as an antihypotensive agent. Its main role is enhancing myocardial contractility rather than raising blood pressure.
D. Inhibits platelet aggregation: Dobutamine has no effect on platelet function or aggregation. Its mechanism of action is limited to stimulating beta-1 receptors in the heart to improve contractility.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Heart failure: Terazosin is not primarily indicated for heart failure management. While it may have some vasodilatory effects that could theoretically reduce afterload, it is not a standard treatment for heart failure and does not address the core pathophysiology.
B. Peripheral vascular disease: Terazosin does not directly treat peripheral vascular disease. Its mechanism of action as an alpha-1 adrenergic blocker primarily targets vascular smooth muscle to lower systemic blood pressure rather than improve blood flow to peripheral tissues.
C. Pulmonary edema: Pulmonary edema is usually managed with diuretics, oxygen therapy, and addressing the underlying cause. Terazosin does not have an acute role in managing fluid overload or pulmonary congestion.
D. Chronic hypertension: Terazosin is an alpha-1 adrenergic blocker used to treat chronic hypertension by relaxing vascular smooth muscle, reducing peripheral vascular resistance, and lowering blood pressure. It is commonly prescribed for long-term blood pressure control, especially in clients who may also have benign prostatic hyperplasia.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Hyperkalemia: Milrinone primarily affects cardiac contractility and vascular tone and does not typically cause hyperkalemia. Elevated potassium levels would more likely be related to other medications, renal dysfunction, or underlying conditions rather than milrinone therapy.
B. Hypertension: Milrinone is a phosphodiesterase-3 inhibitor that causes vasodilation, which generally lowers blood pressure rather than increases it. Hypertension is not a common adverse effect of long-term milrinone use.
C. Calf pain: Calf pain could indicate deep vein thrombosis or musculoskeletal issues, but it is not a recognized adverse effect of milrinone. While it should be assessed, it is unlikely related to the drug.
D. Heart palpitations: Milrinone can cause arrhythmias, including palpitations, ventricular tachycardia, or atrial fibrillation, especially with long-term use. The presence of palpitations is a significant adverse effect and warrants immediate assessment and possible adjustment of therapy.
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