What role does iodine play in the regulation of the thyroid gland?
Too much iodine can cause hypothyroidism.
Small changes in iodine intake are sufficient to reset the thyroid system at different serum TSH levels
Too little iodine can cause hyperthyroidism
Iodine is not involved in the regulation of the thyroid
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Excessive iodine intake can paradoxically inhibit thyroid hormone synthesis through the Wolff-Chaikoff effect, leading to hypothyroidism. This autoregulatory mechanism protects against hyperthyroidism but can result in reduced hormone production if iodine levels remain high.
Choice B reason: While iodine intake influences thyroid function, small changes do not “reset” the thyroid system. The thyroid gland responds to iodine availability, but regulation is more complex and involves feedback from TSH and circulating thyroid hormones.
Choice C reason: Iodine deficiency typically leads to hypothyroidism, not hyperthyroidism. In rare cases, iodine deficiency may cause goiter and nodular thyroid disease, which can result in hyperthyroidism, but this is not the usual outcome.
Choice D reason: Iodine is essential for the synthesis of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4). It is directly involved in thyroid regulation, and its absence or excess can significantly impact thyroid function.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Dual blockade with ACE inhibitors and ARBs has been studied but is not recommended due to increased risk of adverse effects such as hyperkalemia, hypotension, and acute kidney injury. It does not provide additional renal protection and may worsen outcomes.
Choice B reason: Thiazide diuretics are useful for blood pressure control, especially in volume overload, but they do not specifically address albuminuria. They are not the preferred agents for reducing proteinuria.
Choice C reason: Even though blood pressure is controlled, progressive albuminuria indicates ongoing renal damage. Doing nothing overlooks the need for targeted intervention to reduce proteinuria and preserve kidney function.
Choice D reason: Calcium channel blockers, particularly non-dihydropyridine types like verapamil or diltiazem, have shown benefit in reducing proteinuria. They can be added to ACE inhibitors to enhance renal protection without the risks associated with dual renin-angiotensin system blockade.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: While testicular cancer is most common in men aged 15–35, limiting self-exams to this age range may miss cases in older men. Monthly self-exams are recommended starting at age 18 and continuing throughout adulthood.
Choice B reason: This age range excludes younger men who are at higher risk for testicular cancer. It is not consistent with preventive guidelines.
Choice C reason: Testicular cancer is less common in men over 45, and this age range does not reflect the peak incidence period.
Choice D reason: Monthly testicular self-exams are recommended for men aged 18 and older to promote early detection of testicular cancer, which has a high cure rate when caught early. Regular self-exams help men become familiar with their baseline anatomy and detect changes promptly.
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