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What type of cells secrete glucagon?

A.

Plasma cells

B.

Acinar cells

C.

Beta cells

D.

Alpha cells

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

D. Alpha cells, also known as A cells, are a type of pancreatic islet cell (or islet of Langerhans cell) that secretes glucagon. Glucagon plays a crucial role in increasing blood sugar levels by promoting the breakdown of glycogen in the liver and stimulating the release of glucose into the bloodstream.
A. Plasma cells are a type of white blood cell that produces antibodies as part of the immune response. They are not involved in the production of glucagon.
B. Acinar cells are exocrine cells found in the pancreas that secrete digestive enzymes into the pancreatic ducts. These enzymes aid in the digestion of food in the small intestine. Acinar cells are not involved in the production of glucagon.
 
C. Beta cells are another type of cell in the pancreas, but they secrete insulin, not glucagon. Insulin is responsible for lowering blood sugar levels by promoting the uptake of glucose into cells for energy or storage.
 


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

B. A decrease in the respiratory rate from 32 breaths/minute to 20 breaths/minute indicates improved respiratory status and effectiveness of nursing care. A lower respiratory rate suggests that the patient's breathing is becoming less labored, and oxygenation may be improving.
A. A lower heart rate may suggest a reduction in pain, improved oxygenation, or decreased stress on the cardiovascular system. However, other factors such as medications, rest, and hydration can also influence heart rate. Overall, a decrease in heart rate is a favorable finding.
C. A slight decrease in blood pressure from 140/80 mm Hg to 130/78 mm Hg may indicate a positive response to nursing care. However, blood pressure fluctuations can be influenced by various factors, including hydration status, medications, and underlying medical conditions.
D. Pain management is an essential aspect of nursing care, particularly for patients with lower respiratory infections who may experience discomfort due to coughing, chest congestion, and inflammation. However, pain levels can fluctuate over time and may require ongoing assessment and intervention.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

D. Sucralfate should be taken on an empty stomach, typically 1 hour before meals. This timing allows the medication to coat the ulcer site effectively and protect it from the acidic environment of the stomach, which increases after eating.
A. Taking sucralfate with an antacid can interfere with its action. Sucralfate works by forming a protective barrier on the ulcer site, and antacids can prevent sucralfate from binding properly to the ulcer. It's generally recommended to take sucralfate at least 30 minutes before or after antacids.
B. Sucralfate is not taken on an "as needed" basis for pain relief. It is prescribed as a regular, scheduled medication to provide continuous protection of the ulcer site. Pain relief from peptic ulcers comes as the ulcer heals, which sucralfate aids by protecting the mucosal lining.
C. Sucralfate does not need to be stored in the refrigerator. It should be stored at room temperature, away from moisture and heat, according to standard storage guidelines for most medications.

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