A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the parents of a child who is starting to use a spacer with a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) to treat asthma. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
The spacer increases the amount of medication delivered to the oropharynx.
The spacer increases the amount of medication delivered to the lungs.
Inhale rapidly when using the spacer with the MDI.
Cover exhalation slots of the spacer with lips when inhaling.
The Correct Answer is B
A. The spacer increases the amount of medication delivered to the oropharynx.
Spacers are designed to minimize the amount of medication deposited in the oropharynx (back of the throat) and reduce the risk of side effects such as oral thrush or hoarseness. The main purpose of using a spacer is to optimize the delivery of medication to the lungs.
B. The spacer increases the amount of medication delivered to the lungs.
When reinforcing teaching with the parents of a child who is starting to use a spacer with a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) to treat asthma, the nurse should include the information that the spacer increases the amount of medication delivered to the lungs. Spacers help improve the delivery of medication from the MDI to the lungs by reducing the need for coordination between actuation of the MDI and inhalation. They also slow down the speed of the aerosolized medication particles, allowing more time for them to be inhaled into the lungs effectively.
C. Inhale rapidly when using the spacer with the MDI.
Inhaling rapidly may lead to improper inhalation technique and reduce the effectiveness of medication delivery to the lungs. Instead, the child should be instructed to inhale slowly and deeply to ensure that the medication reaches the lower airways.
D. Cover exhalation slots of the spacer with lips when inhaling.
Covering the exhalation slots of the spacer with lips during inhalation is not recommended. These slots are designed to allow the child to exhale freely and prevent buildup of pressure within the spacer. Encouraging the child to exhale into the spacer would hinder proper inhalation technique and could lead to decreased medication delivery to the lungs.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Prone with arms raised over the head.
This position involves lying face down with the arms raised over the head. It is not appropriate for thoracentesis because it does not provide easy access to the thoracic cavity, and it may compress the chest, making it difficult for the client to breathe comfortably during the procedure.
B. Sitting, leaning forward over the bedside table.
This is the correct choice. For thoracentesis, the client should be positioned sitting upright and leaning forward over the bedside table or supported by pillows. This position allows better access to the thoracic cavity and facilitates the removal of pleural fluid. Leaning forward also helps to open up the intercostal spaces, making it easier for the healthcare provider to insert the needle into the appropriate space between the ribs.
C. High Fowler's position.
The High Fowler's position involves the client sitting upright with the head of the bed elevated at a 90-degree angle. While this position may be used for other respiratory procedures or for comfort, it is not the optimal position for thoracentesis. It does not provide the same degree of access to the thoracic cavity as the sitting position with forward leaning.
D. Side-lying with knees drawn up to the chest.
This position involves lying on one side with the knees drawn up to the chest. It is not appropriate for thoracentesis because it does not provide access to the thoracic cavity, and it may obstruct the procedure. Additionally, this position may not be comfortable for the client during the procedure.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]
Explanation
A. Dyspnea: Dyspneais a hallmark symptom of emphysema. As lung function deteriorates, the client experiences difficulty breathing, especially during exertion, due to reduced gas exchange and air trapping in the lungs.
B. Barrel chest:A barrel chest is a common finding in emphysema due to hyperinflation of the lungs over time. This causes the chest to become rounded and expands the anterior-posterior diameter of the thorax.
C. Clubbing of the fingers: Clubbing of the fingers is not a typical finding in emphysema or COPD. It is more commonly associated with conditions like lung cancer, cystic fibrosis, or congenital heart disease, where chronic severe hypoxia is present.
D. Shallow respirations:Clients with emphysema often exhibit shallow respirations as their lung elasticity decreases, making it difficult to fully exhale. As a result, breathing may become more rapid and shallow to compensate for poor oxygen exchange.
E. Bradycardia: Bradycardiais not typically associated with emphysema. Instead, clients with chronic respiratory conditions like emphysema may experience tachycardiaas the body tries to compensate for low oxygen levels.
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