What type of research design is used in the research study described in this statement? "To detect differences in the knowledge levels of older adults regarding osteoporosis, subjects were randomly assigned to a control group, which received printed materials, and an experimental group, which received computerized instruction. The same pretest and posttest were administered to all subjects."
Longitudinal.
Quasi-experimental.
Descriptive.
Experimental.
The Correct Answer is D
A. Longitudinal studies involve observing the same subjects over an extended period to assess changes over time. The study described involves comparing two groups (control and experimental) at one point in time, rather than observing changes in the same subjects over time.
B. Quasi-experimental studies resemble experimental designs but lack random assignment to groups or lack control over certain variables. The study described involves random assignment to groups (control and experimental), making it an experimental design rather than quasi-experimental.
C. Descriptive studies involve observing and describing phenomena without manipulating variables or testing hypotheses. The study described involves manipulation of the independent variable (instruction type) and comparison of outcomes, making it experimental rather than descriptive.
D. Experimental studies involve manipulating an independent variable to observe its effect on a dependent variable while controlling for other variables. The study described involves randomly assigning subjects to control and experimental groups, manipulating the type of instruction, and comparing knowledge levels before and after the intervention, indicating an experimental design.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. This study involves a qualitative approach comparing responses of different racial groups about pain perception, which does not involve unethical practice.
B. This study involves administering placebos to a control group, which could involve withholding effective pain management from participants, making it unethical.
C. This study involves a retrospective chart audit, which does not involve unethical practice.
D. This study involves comparing responses about expectations of postoperative pain between male and female clients, which does not involve unethical practice.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. External validity refers to the generalizability of study findings to the broader population, while this scenario involves a potential threat to the internal validity of the study.
B. Selection bias occurs when the sample is not representative of the population, which is not directly applicable to this scenario.
C. There is no indication of a measurement error in this scenario, and a new sample is not necessary. The issue relates more to the internal validity of the study.
D. The introduction of a new walker represents an external event that could potentially confound the study results, posing a threat to the internal validity by introducing a factor outside of those examined that may affect the outcome.
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