When systematically auscultating a client's anterior breath sounds, the nurse should begin by placing the stethoscope over which location?

Aortic site.

Sternum.

Lung apex.

Clavicle.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A) Aortic site:
The aortic site is relevant for cardiac assessment but not for auscultating breath sounds.

B) Sternum:
The sternum is a bony structure and not an optimal location to start auscultating breath sounds as it can interfere with sound transmission.

C) Lung apex:
Auscultating at the lung apex, which is located just above the clavicle, is the appropriate starting point for assessing anterior breath sounds. This ensures that the upper parts of the lungs are examined first.

D) Clavicle:
While the area near the clavicle is relevant, it is more precise to refer to the lung apex, which includes the area just above the clavicle, for starting the auscultation of breath sounds.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) Ask the client to complete a common proverb or saying:
While completing a common proverb or saying can provide some insight into speech patterns, it may not offer a comprehensive assessment of the client's speech abilities. Additionally, the client's familiarity with specific proverbs or sayings could influence their performance.

B) Have the client repeat a phrase containing alliteration:
Having the client repeat a phrase containing alliteration can assess specific aspects of speech, such as articulation and fluency. However, it may not provide a holistic assessment of speech patterns and may not be suitable for all clients.

C) Note the client's responses during the initial interview:
This approach allows the nurse to observe the client's spontaneous speech patterns, including articulation, fluency, rate, and coherence, during the natural flow of conversation. It provides a comprehensive assessment of speech abilities in various contexts.

D) Listen while the client reads items listed on the menu:
While listening to the client read items on a menu can assess reading ability and pronunciation, it may not fully capture speech patterns in spontaneous conversation or communication. Additionally, it may not be relevant to clients who may have difficulty reading or have limited literacy skills.

A. Number of attempts to quit smoking. B. Client's current age. C. Age when the client started smoking. D. Packs of cigarettes smoked per day. E. Number of years the client smoked.

Correct Answer is ["C","D","E"]

Explanation

Answer: C. Age when the client started smoking.
Knowing when the client began smoking is essential for determining the total duration of smoking. This information allows the nurse to calculate how long the client has been exposed to tobacco, which is critical for assessing potential health risks associated with their smoking history.

D. Packs of cigarettes smoked per day.
This information is crucial as it directly contributes to the calculation of pack years. Understanding how many packs the client smokes each day helps quantify their level of tobacco exposure. For instance, smoking one pack per day for ten years results in ten pack years, while two packs per day over the same period would lead to twenty pack years.

E. Number of years the client smoked.
This detail is necessary to determine the total duration of the smoking habit. The total number of years smoked, combined with the daily pack consumption, provides a comprehensive view of the client's smoking history. It allows the nurse to assess the cumulative risk associated with long-term tobacco use, which is important for evaluating the client’s health and potential interventions.

Rationale for Options Not Selected:

A. Number of attempts to quit smoking.
While this information can provide insight into the client's motivation and efforts to quit, it is not relevant for calculating pack years. Pack years focus specifically on the amount and duration of smoking, rather than attempts to quit, which may be useful in assessing readiness for cessation interventions but does not factor into the calculation of exposure.

B. Client's current age.
Although the client's age can provide context regarding their smoking history, it is not necessary for the actual calculation of pack years. Instead, it is the age when the client started smoking, along with the total years smoked and the number of packs smoked per day, that are critical for this specific assessment. The current age is not needed to compute pack years directly.

Summary of Calculation:

To calculate pack years, use the formula:

Pack Years = (Number of packs smoked per day) × (Number of years smoked)

For example, if a client smoked 1 pack per day for 20 years, they would have 20 pack years. If they smoked 2 packs a day for the same period, that would equate to 40 pack years. This measurement is essential for understanding the health risks associated with smoking and guiding further assessment and intervention strategies.

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When systematically auscultating a client's anterior breath sounds, the nurse should begin by placing the stethoscope over which location?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

During an admission assessment, which approach should the nurse use to assess a client's speech patterns?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

While obtaining a client's health history related to smoking cigarettes, the nurse plans to determine the client's smoking pack years. What information should the nurse obtain for this calculation? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["C","D","E"]

Explanation

Summary of Calculation:

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