When the first heart sound is heard, what is occurring with the heart valves?
The AV valves are closing.
The semilunar valves are closing.
The AV valves are opening.
The semilunar valves are opening.
The Correct Answer is A
A. The AV valves are closing: This occurs at S₁ (first heart sound) at the start of ventricular systole.
B. The semilunar valves are closing: Semilunar valves close at S₂ (second heart sound), not S₁.
C. The AV valves are opening: AV valves open during ventricular diastole (filling), not at S₁.
D. The semilunar valves are opening: Semilunar valves open during ventricular ejection (systole) but their opening is not what produces S₁.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Respiration: Respiration encompasses gas exchange (external/internal) and cellular reactions (cellular respiration) that produce energy
B. Oxidation: Oxidation is a chemical process involved in metabolism but does not by itself describe the full gas-exchange-energy sequence
C. Metabolism: Metabolism is the sum of biochemical reactions (including energy production) but doesn’t explicitly include atmospheric gas exchange -less precise / incorrect for the combined description.
D. Breathing: Breathing (ventilation) is the mechanical movement of air and does not include cellular chemical reactions that generate cellular energy
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. pressure of the blood: Not primarily—systemic blood pressure is mainly from cardiac output and vascular resistance; proteins contribute minimally.
B. osmotic: Plasma proteins (especially albumin) generate colloid osmotic/oncotic pressure that pulls fluid into capillaries.
C. filtration: They oppose filtration by favoring reabsorption (their oncotic pull counters hydrostatic push).
D. central venous: CVP reflects blood volume, venous tone, and right heart function, not plasma protein levels directly.
E. hydrostatic: Hydrostatic pressure is due to fluid column and pumping; proteins affect oncotic, not hydrostatic, pressure.
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