Which chronic complication of diabetes mellitus is characterized by the thickening and narrowing of small blood vessels, leading to impaired blood flow to the lower extremities?
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
Diabetic nephropathy.
Diabetic neuropathy.
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD).
The Correct Answer is D
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a chronic complication of diabetes mellitus that results from the thickening and narrowing of small blood vessels, leading to reduced blood flow to the lower extremities. This can cause symptoms such as leg pain, numbness, and poor wound healing.
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is an acute complication characterized by high blood glucose levels, ketosis, and metabolic acidosis.
b. This choice is incorrect. Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic complication that affects the kidneys and can lead to impaired kidney function.
c. This choice is incorrect. Diabetic neuropathy refers to nerve damage due to diabetes and can cause symptoms such as tingling, pain, and loss of sensation in the extremities.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by insulin resistance, in which cells do not respond effectively to insulin, and impaired insulin secretion by pancreatic beta cells.
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is not characterized by an absolute deficiency of insulin secretion as seen in type 1 diabetes.
b. This choice is incorrect. Type 2 diabetes mellitus primarily affects adults, especially those who are older and have risk factors such as obesity and sedentary lifestyle.
d. This choice is incorrect. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is not caused by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells as seen in type 1 diabetes.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A random blood glucose level of 140 mg/dL or higher, along with symptoms of hyperglycemia, is indicative of diabetes mellitus. Symptoms may include excessive thirst, frequent urination, and unexplained weight loss.
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. A random blood glucose level of 90 mg/dL is within the normal range.
c. This choice is incorrect. A random blood glucose level of 110 mg/dL is within the normal range.
d. This choice is incorrect. A random blood glucose level of 120 mg/dL is within the normal range
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