Which chronic complication of diabetes mellitus is characterized by the thickening and narrowing of small blood vessels, leading to impaired blood flow to the lower extremities?

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).

Diabetic nephropathy.

Diabetic neuropathy.

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD).

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a chronic complication of diabetes mellitus that results from the thickening and narrowing of small blood vessels, leading to reduced blood flow to the lower extremities. This can cause symptoms such as leg pain, numbness, and poor wound healing.

Incorrect choices:

a. This choice is incorrect. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is an acute complication characterized by high blood glucose levels, ketosis, and metabolic acidosis.

b. This choice is incorrect. Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic complication that affects the kidneys and can lead to impaired kidney function.

c. This choice is incorrect. Diabetic neuropathy refers to nerve damage due to diabetes and can cause symptoms such as tingling, pain, and loss of sensation in the extremities.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Diabetic cataracts result from the accumulation of glucose within the lens of the eye, leading to changes in vision and the development of cataracts. This can cause blurred vision and visual disturbances.

Incorrect choices:

a. This choice is incorrect. Diabetic retinopathy is a complication that affects the blood vessels of the retina and can lead to vision loss.

b. This choice is incorrect. Diabetic neuropathy refers to nerve damage due to diabetes and can cause symptoms such as tingling, pain, and loss of sensation in the extremities.

c. This choice is incorrect. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is an acute complication characterized by high blood glucose levels, ketosis, and metabolic acidosis.

A. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). B. Diabetic nephropathy. C. Diabetic neuropathy. D. Diabetic retinopathy.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is an acute complication of diabetes mellitus characterized by high blood glucose levels, the presence of ketones in the urine, metabolic acidosis, dehydration, and electrolyte imbalances. It can lead to life-threatening complications if not treated promptly.

Incorrect choices:

b. This choice is incorrect. Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic complication that affects the kidneys and can lead to impaired kidney function.

c. This choice is incorrect. Diabetic neuropathy refers to nerve damage due to diabetes and can cause symptoms such as tingling, pain, and loss of sensation in the extremities.

d. This choice is incorrect. Diabetic retinopathy is a complication that affects the blood vessels of the retina and can lead to vision loss.

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Which chronic complication of diabetes mellitus is characterized by the thickening and narrowing of small blood vessels, leading to impaired blood flow to the lower extremities?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which complication of diabetes mellitus is characterized by the accumulation of glucose within the lens of the eye, leading to changes in vision and the development of cataracts?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Which complication of diabetes mellitus is characterized by high blood glucose levels and the presence of ketones in the urine, leading to metabolic acidosis and potentially life-threatening complications?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Which medication enhances insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells and is commonly used to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Which complication of diabetes mellitus is characterized by damage to the blood vessels of the retina, leading to vision impairment and potential blindness?

Which clinical manifestation of diabetes mellitus is commonly associated with weight loss despite increased appetite?

Which classification of diabetes mellitus is primarily characterized by insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency?

Which of the following is a potential consequence of prolonged hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus?

Which of the following is a modifiable risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Which hormone, produced by the pancreas, plays a key role in regulating blood glucose levels by facilitating glucose uptake into cells and promoting its storage as glycogen in the liver and muscles?

Which laboratory test is commonly used to monitor long-term glycemic control in individuals with diabetes mellitus by measuring average blood glucose levels over the past 2 to 3 months?