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Which diagnostic test for diabetes mellitus provides a measure of glucose levels for the previous 8 to 12 weeks?

A.

Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C)

B.

Oral glucose tolerance test

C.

Postprandial glucose test

D.

Fasting blood sugar (FSBS)

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C): The HbA1C test provides an average measure of blood glucose levels over the past 8 to 12 weeks. It reflects the percentage of hemoglobin that has glucose attached to it, giving an indication of long-term blood sugar control.

B. Oral glucose tolerance test: This test measures the body’s response to glucose by checking blood sugar levels after drinking a sugary solution. It does not provide an average of blood glucose over weeks, but rather, it assesses blood glucose levels at specific time points after glucose ingestion.

C. Postprandial glucose test: This test measures blood glucose levels after eating a meal, typically 1 to 2 hours later. It provides information about immediate glucose levels, not long-term glucose control over weeks.

D. Fasting blood sugar (FSBS): This test measures blood glucose levels after fasting for at least 8 hours. It gives a snapshot of current glucose levels but does not provide a measure of glucose control over weeks.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Characterized mainly by insulin resistance: Insulin resistance is more characteristic of type 2 diabetes, not type 1 diabetes. In type 1 diabetes, the body is unable to produce insulin due to the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells.

B. Characterized mainly by insulin deficiency: Type 1 diabetes is caused by insulin deficiency due to the body's inability to produce insulin, leading to high blood sugar levels. This is a life-long condition that requires insulin replacement for proper blood glucose control.

C. Best managed through diet, exercise, and oral medication: Type 1 diabetes cannot be managed with oral medication alone. It requires insulin injections or an insulin pump in addition to diet and exercise to control blood glucose levels.

D. Can be prevented by proper nutrition and monitoring blood glucose levels: Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease and cannot be prevented through nutrition or blood glucose monitoring. Prevention strategies are more applicable to type 2 diabetes.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Visual deficits: While visual changes can occur in some conditions, they are not a concern immediately after thyroidectomy. The more pressing concern postoperatively is ensuring the airway remains clear, as swelling or bleeding in the neck could obstruct the airway.

B. Hoarseness: Hoarseness can occur after a thyroidectomy due to trauma to the recurrent laryngeal nerve. While it is important to monitor for hoarseness, it is not as immediate a concern as ensuring airway patency during the first 24 hours.

C. Pain control: While pain control is essential for the client's comfort and recovery, it is not the priority in the immediate postoperative period. The priority is ensuring the airway is clear and that the client is not experiencing respiratory distress due to swelling or bleeding.

D. Airway patency: After thyroid surgery, there is a risk of airway obstruction due to swelling, bleeding, or hematoma in the neck area. Ensuring the client's airway is clear is the most critical task during the first 24 hours after thyroidectomy.

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