Which form of psychotherapy, also known as humanistic, was developed by Carl Rogers?
Cognitive behavioral therapy
Dialectical behavioral therapy
Rational emotive behavioral therapy
Person-centered therapy
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) focuses on identifying and changing negative thought patterns and behaviors. It is not classified as humanistic and was not developed by Carl Rogers.
Choice B reason: Dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT) is a form of CBT developed by Marsha Linehan, primarily for borderline personality disorder. It incorporates mindfulness and emotion regulation but is not humanistic.
Choice C reason: Rational emotive behavioral therapy (REBT) was developed by Albert Ellis and focuses on challenging irrational beliefs. It is cognitive-behavioral in nature, not humanistic.
Choice D reason: Person-centered therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, is a humanistic approach that emphasizes unconditional positive regard, empathy, and the client's capacity for self-healing. It is the correct answer.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Sigmund Freud developed psychosexual stages of development, which primarily focus on early childhood and do not extend meaningfully into older adulthood.
Choice B reason: Jean Piaget is known for his cognitive development theory, which focuses on childhood stages of learning and does not address adult psychosocial development.
Choice C reason: Erik Erikson developed the psychosocial stages of development, which span from infancy to late adulthood. His final stage, "Integrity vs. Despair," specifically addresses the challenges of aging and finding meaning after retirement.
Choice D reason: Milton Erickson was a psychiatrist known for his work in hypnosis and brief therapy, not for a developmental theory covering the lifespan.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Self-absorption is more characteristic of adolescent egocentrism, such as the imaginary audience or personal fable, but it is not the defining cognitive feature of the formal operational stage.
Choice B reason: Circular reactions are part of Piaget’s sensorimotor stage, where infants repeat actions to explore their environment. This is not relevant to formal operational thinking.
Choice C reason: Hypothetico-deductive thinking is the hallmark of the formal operational stage. It involves the ability to think abstractly, formulate hypotheses, and systematically test them. This stage typically begins around age 11 and enables scientific reasoning and complex problem-solving.
Choice D reason: Syllogistic reasoning is a component of logical thinking but is not the defining feature of the formal operational stage. It may emerge earlier and does not encompass the full scope of abstract reasoning seen in this stage.
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