Which group of bacteria are usually associated with human infections?
Psychrophiles
Thermophiles
Halophiles
Mesophiles
The Correct Answer is D
A. Psychrophiles: Psychrophiles grow best at very low temperatures (near 0–15°C) and are adapted to cold environments such as polar regions; they are not typically associated with infections in warm-blooded humans.
B. Thermophiles: Thermophiles prefer high temperatures (usually >45°C) and are commonly found in hot springs and geothermal sites; their temperature optimum is above human body temperature, so they rarely cause human infections.
C. Halophiles: Halophiles require or tolerate very high salt concentrations and are found in hypersaline environments (e.g., salt lakes); they are not commonly associated with human disease.
D. Mesophiles: Mesophiles grow best at moderate temperatures, typically between about 20–45°C, which overlaps human body temperature (≈37°C), making them the group most frequently associated with human infections.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A,D,C,E,B
Explanation
A) Inoculate — This is the first step in culturing microorganisms. The specimen or sample is introduced (inoculated) into a growth medium (solid or liquid) under sterile conditions to encourage microbial growth.
D) Incubate — After inoculation, the culture is placed in an incubator under suitable conditions of temperature, humidity, and atmosphere to allow growth.
C) Isolate — Once growth is visible, specific colonies are separated (isolated) to obtain pure cultures. This allows studying a single species of microorganism.
E) Inspect — The isolated colonies are then visually inspected (using naked eye or microscope) for morphological characteristics such as shape, color, size, and pattern.
B) Identify — Finally, biochemical, molecular, or serological tests are performed to identify the organism based on its characteristics.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Work best against Gram-negative bacteria: Surfactants disrupt membranes, and Gram-negative bacteria have an outer lipid membrane that is particularly susceptible.
B. Dissolve membrane lipids: Surfactants break down lipid layers in membranes, leading to cell lysis and death.
C. May also be called detergents: Surfactants are often referred to as detergents because of their ability to reduce surface tension and emulsify lipids.
D. All of the above: Surfactants perform all these actions, making this choice the most comprehensive description.
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