Which interpretation of this statement of findings is accurate? "Several characteristics were positively associated (p <.05) with nurses' attitudes about hospice care for terminally ill clients.
Nurses who reported having had oncology experience, having cared for a close friend or family member who had used hospice, and being satisfied with interactions with hospice caregivers were more likely to have discussed hospice care with terminally ill clients.".
Experience in caring for terminally ill clients is positively correlated with nurses' discussion of hospice care with terminally ill clients.
Oncology nurses have significantly more positive attitudes toward hospice care for terminally ill clients than nurses without oncology experience.
Past experience with hospice is the greatest determinant of a nurse's willingness to discuss hospice care with terminally ill clients.
Nurses who have had a positive experience with hospice have significantly more positive attitudes toward care of terminally ill clients.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice D rationale:
Nurses who have had a positive experience with hospice have significantly more positive attitudes toward care of terminally ill clients. Rationale: This interpretation accurately reflects the findings presented in the statement. It highlights that nurses who reported having positive experiences with hospice caregivers had more positive attitudes toward care for terminally ill clients. The statement does not provide information about the direction of causality or whether it is the greatest determinant, but it does indicate a significant association.
Choice A rationale:
Experience in caring for terminally ill clients is positively correlated with nurses' discussion of hospice care with terminally ill clients. Rationale: While this could be a potential interpretation, the statement does not specify a correlation; it only indicates a positive association between certain characteristics and nurses' attitudes toward hospice care.
Choice B rationale:
Oncology nurses have significantly more positive attitudes toward hospice care for terminally ill clients than nurses without oncology experience. Rationale: This interpretation is not supported by the statement, which does not mention oncology nurses specifically. It discusses positive experiences with hospice caregivers but does not compare nurses from different specialties.
Choice C rationale:
Past experience with hospice is the greatest determinant of a nurse's willingness to discuss hospice care with terminally ill clients. Rationale: This interpretation goes beyond the information provided in the statement. The statement indicates an association but does not specify that past experience with hospice is the greatest determinant.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
A meta-analysis that concluded that bone density improved among individuals who took Vitamin D. Rationale: A meta-analysis provides the highest level of evidence among the options listed. It synthesizes data from multiple studies, often randomized controlled trials (RCTs), to draw conclusions about the effectiveness of an intervention. In this case, the meta-analysis concluded that bone density improved among individuals who took Vitamin D, suggesting strong evidence to support its use.
Choice B rationale:
A cross-sectional study that found a strong relationship between Vitamin D intake and bone density. Rationale: Cross-sectional studies can identify associations between variables but cannot establish causality. While this study found a strong relationship, it does not provide as strong evidence as a meta-analysis of RCTs.
Choice C rationale:
A cohort study that concluded low levels of Vitamin D were linked to decreased bone mineral density. Rationale: Cohort studies can provide valuable evidence, but they may have limitations, such as confounding variables. While this study suggested a link, it may not be as robust as a meta-analysis of RCTs.
Choice D rationale:
A time series design study that reported that those who took Vitamin D had improved bone density. Rationale: Time series designs can be useful for assessing changes over time, but they may have limitations in terms of establishing causality. Additionally, the strength of evidence from a single time series study may not be as high as that from a meta-analysis of multiple RCTs.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Postponing the study for six months would not necessarily resolve the impact of the 9/11 events on the study's participants. It may also introduce other confounding factors related to the delay.
Choice B rationale:
Instructing study subjects to disregard their feelings about 9/11 may not be feasible or effective, as traumatic events can have a lasting impact on individuals' psychological well-being and attitudes.
Choice C rationale:
Abandoning the study due to the 9/11 events may not be necessary, but it is essential to acknowledge and address the potential influence of external events on the study's internal validity.
Choice D rationale:
This is the correct answer. The authors should have reported the 9/11 events as a potential threat to the study's internal validity, as they could have introduced confounding variables or influenced the participants' responses. By acknowledging this, researchers can provide transparency about potential limitations and their efforts to control for them.
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