Which method of measurement is the gold standard for obtaining intracranial pressures?

Ventriculostomy

Fiberoptic catheter

Central line

Transcranial Doppler

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A.   Ventriculostomy is considered the gold standard for measuring intracranial pressure (ICP). This procedure involves placing a catheter into the brain's ventricles to directly measure the pressure inside the skull.
B.   Fiberoptic catheter can also be used for ICP measurement, but ventriculostomy is more accurate and allows for drainage of cerebrospinal fluid if needed.
C.   Central line is used for venous access, not for measuring ICP.
D.   Transcranial Doppler is used to assess blood flow in the brain, but not for direct ICP measurement.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Orientation to person, place, and time is not expected in meningitis as the infection typically causes altered mental status.
B. Bradycardia is not a typical finding in meningitis. Increased intracranial pressure may lead to tachycardia, not bradycardia.
C. Blurred vision can occur with increased ICP or certain infections, but it is not a primary symptom of meningitis.
D. Severe headache is a hallmark symptom of meningitis, due to inflammation of the meninges, causing pain and increased intracranial pressure.

A. "Clouding of the lens is a manifestation of diabetic retinopathy." B. "Seeing spots is a manifestation of diabetic retinopathy." C. "It is caused by an increase in intraocular pressure." D. "Have an eye exam every 2 years."

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Clouding of the lens is a sign of cataracts, not diabetic retinopathy.
B. Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes that affects the blood vessels of the retina, leading to symptoms like seeing spots, floaters, or blurred vision. It often progresses silently and can lead to blindness if not monitored.
C. Increase in intraocular pressure is a characteristic of glaucoma, not diabetic retinopathy.
D. Eye exams every 2 years is not frequent enough for diabetic patients. They should have annual eye exams to monitor for diabetic retinopathy.

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Which method of measurement is the gold standard for obtaining intracranial pressures?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a client who has meningitis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is teaching a client who has diabetes mellitus about diabetic retinopathy. Which of the following statements should the nurse make to the client?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse suspects that a client admitted for treatment of bacterial meningitis is experiencing increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Which of the following assessment findings by the nurse supports this suspicion?

Which term would the nurse use to document a patient who is comatose from a head injury and display flexion of the arms, wrists, and fingers, as well as adduction of the upper extremities?

When the patient's initial vital signs after a brain injury were a BP of 132/72 mm Hg, pulse 100 beats/min, respirations 24 breaths/min, which subsequent vital signs would the nurse report immediately to the health care provider?

If blood flow to the brain is interrupted, how quickly does cellular death occur?

Which refractive error describes the vision of a patient for whom nearby objects are clear but objects at a distance are blurred?

A nurse observes a patient whose right eye is fixed and dilated, for which cranial nerve (CN) would the nurse suspect nerve compression?

A nurse at a rehabilitation center is planning care for a client who had a left hemispheric cerebrovascular accident (CVA) 3 weeks ago. Which of the following goals should the nurse include in the client's rehabilitation program?

A nurse is caring for a client who has increased intracranial pressure. Which of the following interventions should the nurse plan to include in the plan of care? (Select All that Apply.)