Which of the following actions should the nurse assist with? (Click on the exhibit tabs for additional information about the client. There are six tabs that contain separate categories of data.)

A. Hypoglycemia: Phenytoin does not typically lower blood glucose levels, so hypoglycemia is not a common adverse effect. Blood glucose monitoring is not routinely required for clients on phenytoin unless they have an underlying metabolic disorder.

B. Gingival hyperplasia: Phenytoin can cause overgrowth of gum tissue, particularly with long-term use, leading to swelling, bleeding, and discomfort. Good oral hygiene and regular dental care are important to manage and prevent progression. This is a well-documented and common adverse effect of the medication.

C. Ringing of the ears: Tinnitus is more commonly associated with high doses of certain antibiotics or salicylates, not phenytoin. Although phenytoin toxicity can cause neurologic symptoms, ringing in the ears is not a primary concern for routine monitoring.

D. Elevated blood pressure: Phenytoin does not directly raise blood pressure. Blood pressure monitoring is still important for overall health, but hypertension is not an expected adverse effect of this anticonvulsant medication.

A. Include raw fruits and vegetables daily.: Raw produce can contain bacteria or contaminants that increase infection risk in a client with AIDS who may be immunocompromised. Foods should be cooked or washed thoroughly to reduce exposure to harmful pathogens.

B. Encourage three large meals a day.: Large meals can be difficult for clients with poor appetite, nausea, or fatigue, which are common in AIDS. Smaller, more frequent meals are better tolerated and help maintain adequate caloric intake.

C. Provide low-calorie snacks between meals.: Clients with AIDS often struggle with weight loss and elevated metabolic demands, so low-calorie snacks do not meet their nutritional needs. High-calorie, high-protein snacks help prevent muscle wasting and support energy levels. Low-calorie choices are insufficient.

D. Serve foods that are easy to swallow.: Clients with AIDS may experience oral pain, thrush, or swallowing difficulties, making soft or easy-to-swallow foods more comfortable. Providing such foods promotes adequate intake, reduces discomfort, and supports overall nutritional status.