Which of the following are functions of bone? (Select all that apply)
Acid-base balance
Blood sugar regulation
Blood production
Support and protection
Electrolyte balance
Storage of minerals
Correct Answer : A,C,D,E,F
Rationale:
A. Bones help buffer blood pH by absorbing or releasing alkaline salts such as calcium phosphate and carbonate.
B. This is primarily regulated by the pancreas (insulin and glucagon), liver, and muscles, not by bone tissue.
C. Bone marrow, especially red marrow, produces red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets (hematopoiesis).
D. Bones form the rigid framework of the body, supporting soft tissues and protecting vital organs such as the brain, heart, and lungs.
E. Bones act as a reservoir for important minerals like calcium and phosphate, releasing them into the blood when needed.
F. Bones store minerals such as calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium, which are essential for many physiological processes.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Apocrine glands are located mainly in the axillae, groin, and around the nipples. They become active during puberty and secrete a thicker sweat that is more related to emotional stress, not temperature regulation.
B. Eccrine glands are the primary sweat glands responsible for thermoregulation. They are distributed widely across the body and secrete watery sweat, which cools the body through evaporation, making them the most important for maintaining core temperature.
C. Sebaceous glands secrete sebum (oil) that lubricates skin and hair but have no role in temperature control.
D. Endocrine glands secrete hormones into the bloodstream and regulate many processes (such as metabolism and growth), but they are not directly responsible for cooling the body through heat dissipation.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Muscle fiber is the correct term for a single muscle cell. It is multinucleated and contains many myofibrils.
B. Fascicle is a bundle of muscle fibers surrounded by connective tissue (perimysium), not a single cell.
C. Myofibril is a subcellular structure within a muscle fiber made up of repeating sarcomeres; many myofibrils make up one muscle fiber.
D. Myofilament refers to the protein filaments (actin and myosin) within myofibrils that are responsible for contraction, not the entire cell.
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