Which of the following criteria must be met for a seizure to be classified as a febrile seizure?
Occurs with a temperature less than 38°C.
Occurs with a temperature greater than 38°C in a child 6 months to 5 years of age.
Occurs in a child older than 6 years.
Occurs with a central nervous system infection.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
A febrile seizure, by definition, is precipitated by a fever, which must be above the normal body temperature threshold. The current clinical standard requires the temperature to be ≥ 38°C (≥ 100.4°F), thus a temperature less than 38°C would exclude a diagnosis of a febrile seizure, irrespective of other factors.
Choice B rationale
The core criteria for a simple febrile seizure include an associated fever of ≥ 38°C, occurring in a child typically between the ages of 6 months and 5 years, without a history of a central nervous system infection or a previous afebrile seizure. This age range reflects the peak neuronal excitability combined with the frequent occurrence of common childhood viral illnesses that trigger fever.
Choice C rationale
Febrile seizures rarely occur in children older than 6 years because the central nervous system (CNS) has generally matured sufficiently, making the developing brain less susceptible to the effects of fever-induced hyperexcitability. Seizures occurring after this age, even with a fever, warrant a thorough workup for other underlying causes, as they are atypical for a simple febrile seizure.
Choice D rationale
A seizure occurring in the context of a central nervous system infection (e.g., meningitis, encephalitis) is classified as a seizure secondary to infection or symptomatic seizure, not a simple febrile seizure. The defining characteristic of a simple febrile seizure is the absence of an underlying CNS structural abnormality or infection as the cause of the seizure.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["604.8"]
Explanation
Step 1 is: Calculate the total volume of the fluid bolus in mL:. 12.6 kg × 20 mL/kg = 252 mL.
Step 2 is: Determine the time in hours for the infusion:. 25 minutes ÷ 60 minutes/hour = 0.4166. hour.
Step 3 is: Calculate the infusion rate in mL/hr:. 252 mL ÷ 0.4166. hour = 604.8 mL/hr.
Step 4 is: Round the answer to the nearest tenth:. 604.8 mL/hr. 604.8.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Furosemide is a loop diuretic that promotes the excretion of sodium and water, reducing fluid overload and pulmonary congestion associated with congestive heart failure. A decreased urine output of 0.5 mL/kg/hr is a sign of worsening status, as the target output for adequate diuresis is generally 1-3 mL/kg/hr for children.
Choice B rationale
Furosemide therapy is intended to reduce fluid volume, which should result in weight loss. An increase in weight of 1.5 kg indicates fluid retention and ineffective or inadequate diuretic therapy, signaling a deterioration or lack of improvement in the child's congestive heart failure.
Choice C rationale
A decrease in respiratory rate from 50 to 32 breaths per minute indicates a reduction in tachypnea. Tachypnea in congestive heart failure is caused by fluid backup into the lungs (pulmonary congestion), which decreases lung compliance. The reduction in rate suggests that the diuretic has successfully lowered the pulmonary fluid volume, improving respiratory function.
Choice D rationale
An increase in heart rate to 160 bpm (tachycardia) in a school-aged child (normal resting heart rate ≈ 70-110 bpm) is a compensatory mechanism for decreased stroke volume, often seen in worsening heart failure or dehydration. This finding indicates deterioration or a negative effect of the diuretic, such as volume depletion.
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