Which of the following is a common cause of chronic kidney disease?
Hypertension
Chronic pyelonephritis
Glomerulonephritis
Polycystic kidney disease
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Hypertension is a common cause of chronic kidney disease. High blood pressure can damage blood vessels in the kidneys, impairing their ability to work properly.
Choice B rationale
Chronic pyelonephritis, a type of urinary tract infection that reaches the kidneys, can lead to chronic kidney disease, but it’s not as common a cause as hypertension.
Choice C rationale
Glomerulonephritis, an inflammation of the tiny filters in your kidneys (glomeruli), can lead to chronic kidney disease, but it’s not as common a cause as hypertension.
Choice D rationale
Polycystic kidney disease, a genetic disorder that causes numerous cysts to grow in the kidneys, can lead to chronic kidney disease, but it’s not as common a cause as hypertension.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
A deficit of parathyroid hormone would not cause dwarfism, but it could lead to hypoparathyroidism, which can cause muscle cramps or spasms due to low levels of calcium in the blood.
Choice B rationale
Excessive levels of insulin could lead to hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), not dwarfism.
Choice C rationale
Excessive levels of somatotropin (GH) would not cause dwarfism. Instead, it could lead to gigantism in children or acromegaly in adults.
Choice D rationale
A deficit of somatotropin (GH) could indeed cause dwarfism. Somatotropin, also known as growth hormone, is essential for growth and development. A deficiency can result in short stature.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease are both types of inflammatory bowel disease, a term used to describe conditions that cause chronic inflammation of the digestive tract.
Choice B rationale
While Crohn’s disease is a type of inflammatory bowel disease, volvulus is a condition where a segment of the intestine twists upon itself, causing bowel obstruction.
Choice C rationale
Intussusception is a serious condition in which part of the intestine slides into an adjacent part of the intestine, and ulcerative colitis is a type of inflammatory bowel disease. However, intussusception is not considered an inflammatory bowel disorder.
Choice D rationale
Intussusception and volvulus are both conditions that can cause bowel obstruction, but they are not considered inflammatory bowel disorders.
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