Which of the following is a common cause of folliculitis in children?

Allergic reaction

Fungal infection

Bacterial infection

Viral infection

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Allergic reactions, such as contact dermatitis or urticaria, can cause redness, itching, or hives, but they do not specifically involve the hair follicles. Folliculitis is characterized by inflammation of the follicular unit, which allergic reactions alone do not produce. While irritation from an allergen can sometimes exacerbate follicular inflammation, it is not a primary cause of folliculitis.

B. Fungal infections, such as tinea capitis or tinea corporis, affect the skin and hair shafts and present with scaly, circular patches, hair loss, or mild erythema. These infections do not typically produce pustules or papules centered on hair follicles, which is the hallmark of folliculitis. While secondary fungal infection can rarely complicate folliculitis, it is not the common cause in children.

C. The most common cause of folliculitis in children is bacterial infection, especially by Staphylococcus aureus. The bacteria infect the hair follicles, leading to small, red pustules or papules, sometimes with surrounding erythema. Lesions are often tender or mildly itchy and may occur on the scalp, neck, arms, or legs. Folliculitis can arise from poor hygiene, occlusive clothing, friction, or minor trauma to the follicle. Treatment usually involves topical antibacterial agents, improved hygiene, and in more severe cases, oral antibiotics.

D. Viral infections, such as herpes simplex virus, may cause vesicular lesions, often grouped and painful, but they do not specifically target hair follicles. Viral infections rarely present as folliculitis in children, and the pattern of inflammation differs from bacterial folliculitis. Viral causes are not considered a common etiology.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","F"]

Explanation

A. The endocrine system, through hormones such as antidiuretic hormone (ADH), aldosterone, and parathyroid hormone, helps maintain fluid balance, electrolyte levels, and calcium homeostasis.

B. Hormones such as thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) from the thyroid gland regulate basal metabolic rate, energy production, and overall metabolism.

C. The endocrine system controls growth through growth hormone (GH) from the anterior pituitary, as well as thyroid hormones, which influence skeletal and tissue development.

D. Reproductive hormones, including estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone, regulate sexual development, puberty, gamete production, and reproductive function.

E. While some hormones like gastrin, secretin, and cholecystokinin are involved in digestion, the primary regulation of digestive processes is part of the gastrointestinal system and nervous system, not the endocrine system as a whole.

F. The endocrine system mediates the stress response through hormones such as cortisol and adrenaline, produced by the adrenal glands, which help the body respond to physical or emotional stress.

A. Holding the prescribed dose of insulin. B. Encouraging exercise. C. Monitoring blood glucose every 12 hours. D. Monitoring for ketones after each void.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Insulin should never be skipped during illness. In fact, insulin needs may increase during sick days due to stress and elevated blood glucose levels. Holding insulin can lead to hyperglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).

B. During illness, especially when the child has fever, vomiting, or hyperglycemia, strenuous exercise is not recommended because it can worsen dehydration and stress the body. Light activity may be acceptable if the child feels well, but exercise is not a priority during sick day management.

C. During illness, blood glucose can fluctuate significantly. Monitoring only every 12 hours is insufficient. Blood glucose should be checked frequently (every 3–4 hours or more as needed) to guide insulin dosing and prevent complications.

D. Sick days increase the risk of DKA, especially if blood glucose is elevated. The nurse should teach the child and family to monitor urine for ketones after each void or check blood ketones if available. Early detection of ketones allows prompt intervention, such as adjusting insulin, increasing fluid intake, and seeking medical care if necessary, to prevent severe DKA.

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Which of the following is a common cause of folliculitis in children?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The endocrine system is responsible for: (Select all that apply)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","F"]

Explanation

The nurse is providing education to a school-aged child recently diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM). Which item will the nurse include in the teaching plan regarding sick day management?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is reinforcing teaching about insulin administration to a school age child who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

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