Which of the following is an example of a primitive reflex that is present in newborns and typically disappears by 3-4 months of age?

Palmer grasp rettex

Babinski

Rooting reflex:

Moro reflex

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A) Palmer grasp reflex:
The palmer grasp reflex is a primitive reflex in which a newborn will grasp an object placed in their hand. While this reflex is present at birth, it typically disappears by 5-6 months of age, not by 3-4 months. The Moro reflex, which is more related to startle and sudden movements, is the correct answer in this case.

B) Babinski reflex:
The Babinski reflex, in which the toes fan out when the sole of the foot is stroked, is present at birth but typically disappears by 12 months. This reflex is an indicator of neurological development, and its presence beyond the first year could suggest neurological concerns, but it is not the reflex in question here.

C) Rooting reflex:
The rooting reflex occurs when the newborn turns their head and opens their mouth in response to cheek stimulation, typically to find the nipple for breastfeeding. This reflex is present at birth and usually disappears by 3-4 months, which is similar to the timing mentioned in the question.

D) Moro reflex:
The Moro reflex is a startle reflex in which the infant spreads their arms and then pulls them back in when they feel a sudden loss of support or a loud noise. This reflex is present at birth and typically disappears by 3-4 months of age. It is considered a classic primitive reflex that fades as the infant's nervous system matures.

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Correct Answer is ["108"]

Explanation

Given:

Total volume to infuse: 325 mL

Infusion time: 3 hours

To find:

Infusion rate (mL/hr)

Step 1: Calculate the infusion rate

Infusion rate (mL/hr) = Total volume / Infusion time

Infusion rate (mL/hr) = 325 mL / 3 hours ≈ 108.33 mL/hr

Step 2: Round to a whole number

108 mL/hr

A. Contractions that increase in intensity B. Leakage of fluid from the vagina C. increased bladder pressure D. Blood-tinged vaginal mucus E. Uterine contractions that decrease with rest

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

A) Contractions that increase in intensity:
This is a hallmark sign of true labor. In true labor, contractions become progressively more intense, frequent, and regular. They also do not subside with rest or changes in activity. The intensity of contractions gradually increases as the cervix dilates and effaces, signaling the onset of labor.

B) Leakage of fluid from the vagina:
Leakage of fluid from the vagina, particularly if it is clear and odorless, is indicative of rupture of membranes, which can occur in true labor. If the membranes rupture and there is a continuous leakage of fluid, it is important for the client to contact the healthcare provider as it may signal the onset of labor. This is a significant sign of labor, especially if accompanied by contractions.

C) Increased bladder pressure:
Increased bladder pressure can occur in pregnancy, especially as the uterus grows and presses on the bladder. However, bladder pressure alone is not a definitive sign of true labor. It can also be a common complaint during late pregnancy, even before labor begins. This symptom would not be specific to true labor.

D) Blood-tinged vaginal mucus:
A bloody show, or blood-tinged mucus, is another classic sign of true labor. This happens as the cervix begins to soften, dilate, and efface, causing small blood vessels in the cervix to break. The bloody show is typically a pink or brownish mucus discharge and can occur just before labor starts, signaling that the cervix is changing in preparation for delivery.

E) Uterine contractions that decrease with rest:
This is a characteristic of false labor (Braxton Hicks contractions). In false labor, contractions tend to decrease or stop when the woman changes position, rests, or hydrates. On the other hand, in true labor, contractions persist and increase in intensity and frequency even with rest or hydration. Therefore, this is not a sign of true labor.

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Which of the following is an example of a primitive reflex that is present in newborns and typically disappears by 3-4 months of age?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client is ordered 325mL of packed red blood cells over 3 hours. What is the rate to be set on the infusion pump? Round to a whole number

Correct Answer is ["108"]

Explanation

A nurse Is caring for a primigravid client who is at 36 weeks of gestation and asks, "How will I know if I am in labor?" Which of the following manifestations of true labor should the nurse discuss with the client? (Select All that Apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

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