Which of the following is FALSE concerning normal urine?

Urine contains glucose

Urine may contain drugs

Urine contains water

Urine contains uric acid

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Urine contains glucose: Glucose is not normally present in urine. Its presence typically indicates hyperglycemia, such as in uncontrolled diabetes mellitus.

B. Urine may contain drugs: Many drugs and their metabolites are excreted in the urine, which is why urine drug testing is possible.

C. Urine contains water: Water is the main component of urine, making up about 95% of its volume.

D. Urine contains uric acid: Uric acid is a normal waste product of purine metabolism, excreted by the kidneys.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Large intestine, excretion: The large intestine mainly absorbs water and forms feces; it does not have villi.

B. Pancreas, release of hormones: The pancreas releases insulin and glucagon but has no villi and is not directly involved in nutrient absorption.

C. Small intestine, absorption: Villi are fingerlike projections that line the small intestine to increase surface area for absorption of nutrients.

D. Gallbladder, production of bile: The liver produces bile; the gallbladder only stores it. Villi are not involved.

A. Decreased GFR (glomerular filtration rate) B. Over secretion of aldosterone C. Decrease amounts of ADH D. Activation of angiotensinogen

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Decreased GFR (glomerular filtration rate): A low GFR would reduce urine output, not increase it.

B. Over secretion of aldosterone: Aldosterone promotes sodium and water reabsorption, which decreases urine output.

C. Decrease amounts of ADH: Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) helps retain water. A deficiency leads to diuresis, causing polyuria (as seen in diabetes insipidus).

D. Activation of angiotensinogen: This leads to vasoconstriction and aldosterone release, promoting water retention, not polyuria.

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Which of the following is FALSE concerning normal urine?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The villi are associated with and function in:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Which of the following is MOST likely to cause polyuria (excessive passing of urine)?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is assessing an older adult client who has a urinary tract infection (UTI). Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as unique for this age group?

Which of the following are functions of the liver? (Select all that apply.)

Which flap made of cartilage prevents food and water from entering the respiratory passages?

Glucose is not normally excreted in the urine because:

A nurse is emptying a client's urinal when she notices the urine is dark amber, cloudy, and has an unpleasant odor. The nurse should identify that these findings are likely to be the result of which of the following?

A drug is classified as a diuretic (a drug that increases urination), is commonly used to lower blood pressure or eliminate the body of excess fluid. Most likely the drug:

Low levels of oxygen stimulate the kidneys to secrete which substance?

Impaired hepatic function: