Glucose is not normally excreted in the urine because:
Glucose is used up by the metabolizing nephron units
Glucose cannot be filtered
Glucose is converted to ammonia and excreted as urea
All filtered glucose is reabsorbed
The Correct Answer is D
A. Glucose is used up by the metabolizing nephron units: Nephrons do not metabolize all glucose; their role is to filter and reabsorb.
B. Glucose cannot be filtered: Glucose is a small molecule and is easily filtered by the glomerulus.
C. Glucose is converted to ammonia and excreted as urea: This describes protein metabolism, not glucose.
D. All filtered glucose is reabsorbed: In healthy kidneys, 100% of filtered glucose is reabsorbed in the proximal tubule, so none appears in urine unless blood levels are too high (e.g., diabetes).
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Pressure within the renal tubules: This is tubular pressure, which opposes filtration and is not the driving force.
B. Blood pressure: Blood pressure within the glomerular capillaries provides the main hydrostatic pressure driving glomerular filtration.
C. Intrathoracic pressure: This affects respiration and venous return, not glomerular filtration.
D. Intraabdominal pressure: Elevated intraabdominal pressure can impair renal perfusion, but it does not drive filtration.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Causes a deficiency of intrinsic factor and pernicious anemia: Intrinsic factor is produced in the stomach, not the liver. Its deficiency leads to pernicious anemia.
B. Causes lactose intolerance: Lactose intolerance is due to lactase deficiency in the small intestine.
C. Causes gastric reflux: Gastroesophageal reflux is typically due to lower esophageal sphincter dysfunction.
D. Causes blood drug levels to reach toxic levels: The liver metabolizes drugs. Impaired hepatic function reduces drug clearance, leading to accumulation and potential toxicity.
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