Low levels of oxygen stimulate the kidneys to secrete which substance?
Aldosterone
Erythropoietin
Converting enzyme
Renin
The Correct Answer is B
A. Aldosterone: Aldosterone is secreted by the adrenal glands, and it regulates sodium and water balance, not in response to low oxygen.
B. Erythropoietin: The kidneys secrete erythropoietin in response to hypoxia to stimulate the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow.
C. Converting enzyme: Refers to angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which is found in the lungs and converts angiotensin I to II—not secreted by kidneys in response to hypoxia.
D. Renin: Renin is secreted by the kidneys in response to low blood pressure or sodium, not oxygen deficiency.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Epiglottis: The epiglottis is a flap of cartilage that covers the laryngeal opening during swallowing to prevent food or liquid from entering the airway.
B. Tonsils: Tonsils are lymphatic tissues in the pharynx that help trap pathogens, not prevent aspiration.
C. Uvula: The uvula helps close off the nasopharynx, not the trachea, during swallowing.
D. Appendix: The appendix is a blind-ended tube attached to the cecum; it plays no role in swallowing or airway protection.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Defecation: This is the elimination of feces from the rectum, not the process of moving food through the GI tract.
B. Emulsification: This refers to breaking down fat into smaller droplets (done by bile), not the movement of food.
C. Peristalsis: Peristalsis is the rhythmic muscular contraction that propels food through the digestive tract.
D. Mastication: This is chewing, a mechanical process that occurs in the mouth before food enters the esophagus.
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