Low levels of oxygen stimulate the kidneys to secrete which substance?

Aldosterone

Erythropoietin

Converting enzyme

Renin

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Aldosterone: Aldosterone is secreted by the adrenal glands, and it regulates sodium and water balance, not in response to low oxygen.

B. Erythropoietin: The kidneys secrete erythropoietin in response to hypoxia to stimulate the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow.

C. Converting enzyme: Refers to angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which is found in the lungs and converts angiotensin I to II—not secreted by kidneys in response to hypoxia.

D. Renin: Renin is secreted by the kidneys in response to low blood pressure or sodium, not oxygen deficiency.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Colon: The sigmoid colon is the S-shaped terminal portion of the large intestine, connecting to the rectum.

B. Esophagus: The esophagus is part of the upper digestive tract, not the colon.

C. Small intestine: The sigmoid colon is not a part of the small intestine.

D. Stomach: The stomach is part of the upper GI tract and does not include the sigmoid colon.

A. The stomach wall is thrown into folds called villi and microvilli B. The esophagus connects the pharynx with the trachea C. The pyloric sphincter and ileocecal valve are located at the entrance and exit of the small intestine D. The cecum and colon are parts of the small intestine

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. The stomach wall is thrown into folds called villi and microvilli: Villi and microvilli are found in the small intestine, not the stomach. The stomach has rugae.

B. The esophagus connects the pharynx with the trachea: The esophagus connects the pharynx to the stomach; the trachea connects to the lungs.

C. The pyloric sphincter and ileocecal valve are located at the entrance and exit of the small intestine: The pyloric sphincter regulates entry from the stomach to duodenum, and the ileocecal valve controls flow from the ileum to cecum.

D. The cecum and colon are parts of the small intestine: They are parts of the large intestine, not the small intestine.

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Low levels of oxygen stimulate the kidneys to secrete which substance?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The sigmoid is part of the:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Which of the following is true about the structures of the digestive tract?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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