Which of the following is part of the body's second line of defense?
Inflammation
Coughing
CB-Lymphocytes (B-cells)
Mucous membranes
The Correct Answer is A
A. Inflammation: A nonspecific immune response that occurs when tissues are injured or infected; it is part of the body’s second line of defense.
B. Coughing: A protective reflex that expels irritants or pathogens from the respiratory tract; this is a first line of defense (mechanical barrier).
C. B-lymphocytes (B-cells): Provide specific adaptive immunity by producing antibodies; this is part of the third line of defense.
D. Mucous membranes: Physical and chemical barriers that trap and block pathogens; these are part of the first line of defense.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Neutrophils: White blood cells that engulf and destroy bacteria, not responsible for clotting.
B. Erythrocytes: Red blood cells that carry oxygen, not involved in clotting.
C. Platelets: Small cell fragments essential for hemostasis; they adhere, aggregate, and help form clots when blood vessels are injured.
D. B-cells: Lymphocytes responsible for antibody production, not clotting.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Athlete’s foot: Caused by dermatophyte fungi (tinea pedis), so this is a fungal infection rather than a bacterial one.
B. Gonorrhea: Caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae, so this example is bacterial.
C. HIV: Caused by the human immunodeficiency virus, making it a viral infection.
D. Tapeworm: A parasitic infection caused by a helminth (cestode), not a bacterium.
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