Which of the following statements is true about a child with Fragile X syndrome?
If female, the child may have more severe symptoms
The child will live a normal life span
The child may need stretching exercises to loosen stiff joints
The child may have a small head disproportionate to the body
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Females with Fragile X syndrome typically have milder symptoms than males due to the presence of a second, unaffected X chromosome. Males, having only one X chromosome, are more severely affected. This statement is incorrect and reverses the typical clinical presentation.
Choice B reason: Children with Fragile X syndrome generally have a normal life span. While they may experience developmental delays, intellectual disability, and behavioral challenges, the condition does not typically affect life expectancy. Management focuses on supportive therapies and educational interventions.
Choice C reason: Joint stiffness is not a hallmark of Fragile X syndrome. In fact, children with Fragile X often have joint hypermobility due to connective tissue abnormalities. Stretching exercises may be used in other conditions but are not a standard intervention for Fragile X.
Choice D reason: A small head is not characteristic of Fragile X syndrome. Macrocephaly (larger head size) or normal head size is more typical. Disproportionate small head size may suggest other neurodevelopmental or genetic disorders.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Gastroesophageal reflux in infants typically causes passive regurgitation, not projectile vomiting. It may lead to feeding difficulties and irritability but does not cause visible abdominal masses or persistent hunger after vomiting.
Choice B reason: Pyloric stenosis is characterized by progressive, forceful (projectile) vomiting in infants, typically starting between 2–8 weeks of age. The olive-sized mass in the right upper quadrant is the hypertrophied pylorus. These infants remain hungry due to inability to retain feeds and may develop dehydration and metabolic alkalosis. This presentation is classic and warrants surgical intervention (pyloromyotomy).
Choice C reason: Appendicitis is rare in infants and typically presents with fever, irritability, and abdominal distention. Vomiting may occur, but projectile vomiting and a palpable mass are not typical features. The location of the mass also does not correspond to appendiceal anatomy.
Choice D reason: Peptic ulcer disease is extremely rare in infants and does not present with projectile vomiting or a palpable abdominal mass. It may cause hematemesis or melena but is not consistent with the described symptoms.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Manipulating the exposed bowel back into the abdominal cavity at birth is contraindicated. It risks trauma, infection, and increased intra-abdominal pressure. Surgical correction is done in stages or after stabilization, not immediately or manually at bedside.
Choice B reason: Corticosteroids are not part of the initial management of omphalocele. They may be used in other neonatal conditions but have no role in the acute stabilization of abdominal wall defects.
Choice C reason: The priority in managing omphalocele is to prevent fluid loss, infection, and bowel injury. Obtaining IV access for fluid resuscitation and keeping the patient NPO prevents further gastrointestinal stress and prepares the infant for surgical evaluation. Covering the bowel with sterile, moist dressings and a silo may also be part of the care.
Choice D reason: NG tube insertion may be considered to decompress the stomach, but it is not the first-line intervention. It supports stabilization but follows fluid resuscitation and protective measures for the exposed viscera.
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