An 8-year-old boy and his father visit the pediatrician's office with reports of a sudden onset of abdominal pain and reddish-brown urine. A urinalysis shows 4+ protein. On taking the boy's health history, the nurse learns that he had strep throat a little over a week ago. Assessment findings: Temp 100.6F, RR-22. HR-105, BP= 130/89 Which condition should the nurse suspect?

Acute glomerulonephritis

Renal agenesis

Nephrotic syndrome

Polycystic kidney disease

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Acute glomerulonephritis is characterized by the sudden onset of hematuria (reddish-brown urine), proteinuria (4+ protein), and a recent history of streptococcal infection, making it the most likely diagnosis.

B. Renal agenesis is a congenital condition and would not present suddenly with abdominal pain and hematuria.

C. Nephrotic syndrome typically presents with significant proteinuria, but the acute onset of symptoms and recent strep throat history point more toward glomerulonephritis.

D. Polycystic kidney disease usually presents with abdominal or flank pain, hypertension, and hematuria over a more chronic course, not typically after an acute infection.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is ["B","F"]

Explanation

A. Small bladder capacity can contribute to enuresis but may not need to be ruled out before addressing psychological factors.

B. Urinary tract infections can cause enuresis and should be evaluated and treated before investigating psychological causes.

C. Stress incontinence typically refers to the involuntary loss of urine due to pressure and may be a psychological factor rather than a physiological cause.

D. Regression can be a behavioral response but is not a medical cause that needs to be ruled out.

E. Cognitive dysfunction can contribute to enuresis but is not primarily a medical cause that needs to be ruled out.

F. Diabetes mellitus can lead to increased urination (polyuria) and should be evaluated as a potential medical cause before considering psychological factors.

Correct Answer is ["10"]

Explanation

To calculate the dosage of ondansetron for the child, first convert the child's weight from pounds to kilograms, knowing that 1 kilogram equals 2.2 pounds. The child weighs 44 lbs, which is equivalent to 20 kg (44 lbs / 2.2 lbs per kg). The prescribed dose is 0.5 mg/kg, so you would multiply the child's weight in kilograms by the dose: 20 kg * 0.5 mg/kg = 10 mg. Since the safe dose is up to 5 mg/kg per dose and the child's weight is 20 kg, the maximum safe dose would be 100 mg (20 kg * 5 mg/kg). Therefore, the nurse should administer 10 mg, as it is within the safe dose range.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which cause of pediatric enuresis must be ruled out before psychological causes are investigated? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["B","F"]

Explanation

Correct Answer is ["10"]

Explanation

A nurse is planning a diet for a client who is iron deficient. Which of the following foods high in iron should the nurse include in the plan?

The home health care nurse is visiting a child with renal failure undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Which of the following would lead the nurse to identify a nursing diagnosis of fluid overload related to CAPD?

A nurse is planning care for a client who has acute glomerulonephritis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?

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