An 8-year-old boy and his father visit the pediatrician's office with reports of a sudden onset of abdominal pain and reddish-brown urine. A urinalysis shows 4+ protein. On taking the boy's health history, the nurse learns that he had strep throat a little over a week ago. Assessment findings: Temp 100.6F, RR-22. HR-105, BP= 130/89 Which condition should the nurse suspect?

Acute glomerulonephritis

Renal agenesis

Nephrotic syndrome

Polycystic kidney disease

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Acute glomerulonephritis is characterized by the sudden onset of hematuria (reddish-brown urine), proteinuria (4+ protein), and a recent history of streptococcal infection, making it the most likely diagnosis.

B. Renal agenesis is a congenital condition and would not present suddenly with abdominal pain and hematuria.

C. Nephrotic syndrome typically presents with significant proteinuria, but the acute onset of symptoms and recent strep throat history point more toward glomerulonephritis.

D. Polycystic kidney disease usually presents with abdominal or flank pain, hypertension, and hematuria over a more chronic course, not typically after an acute infection.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Bagels with cream cheese and lox are not recommended as lox may carry a risk of contamination.

B. A vanilla milkshake made with pasteurized milk is safe for a neutropenic diet as pasteurization kills harmful bacteria.

C. Ham and cheese sandwiches may not be safe unless the ham is fully cooked, as deli meats can harbor bacteria.

D. Sushi is not appropriate for a neutropenic diet due to the risk of raw fish and potential bacteria.

A. Written information about the medication B. The adverse effects of the medication C. Stopping the medication when the child feels better D. The reason why the child is taking the medication E. Using a kitchen spoon to administer the medication

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

A. Providing written information about the medication is important for ensuring the parents understand the treatment plan and can reference it later.

B. Discussing the potential adverse effects of the medication prepares the parents for what to monitor in their child and when to seek help.

C. Stopping the medication when the child feels better is incorrect, as it is essential to complete the full course of antibiotics to prevent resistance and recurrence of infection.

D. Explaining the reason why the child is taking the medication helps parents understand its importance and can enhance adherence to the treatment plan.

E. Advising against using a kitchen spoon for administering the medication is important, as it can lead to incorrect dosing; proper dosing devices should be used instead.

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Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is reviewing appropriate nutritional options for a child who is receiving chemotherapy and has been prescribed a neutropenic diet. The nurse would recommend which of the following options

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to discharge a child who has a new prescription for an oral antibiotic. Which of following information should the nurse include in the discharge instructions? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

A child is experiencing an acute exacerbation of Crohn disease for which she is prescribed prednisone. The nurse teaches the parents and child about this medication. Which statement by the parents indicates that the teaching was successful?

Which cause of pediatric enuresis must be ruled out before psychological causes are investigated? Select all that apply.

The nurse is caring for a 2 month old child with a fever of 101.76. The child also appears toxic with poor color. Which of the following actions would the nurse expect to implement as a priority?

A nurse in a pediatric clinic is caring for a child who has iron deficiency anemia and a new prescription for ferrous sulfate tablets. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide the parents regarding administration of this medication?

A 6 year old child presents to the pediatric clinic with vesicular rash and honey crusted plaques around the nose and mouth. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates the need for further teaching?

A nurse is caring for a client who is HIV positive and is one day postoperative following an appendectomy. The nurse should wear a gown as personal protective equipment when taking which of the following actions?