An 8-year-old boy and his father visit the pediatrician's office with reports of a sudden onset of abdominal pain and reddish-brown urine. A urinalysis shows 4+ protein. On taking the boy's health history, the nurse learns that he had strep throat a little over a week ago. Assessment findings: Temp 100.6F, RR-22. HR-105, BP= 130/89 Which condition should the nurse suspect?

Acute glomerulonephritis

Renal agenesis

Nephrotic syndrome

Polycystic kidney disease

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Acute glomerulonephritis is characterized by the sudden onset of hematuria (reddish-brown urine), proteinuria (4+ protein), and a recent history of streptococcal infection, making it the most likely diagnosis.

B. Renal agenesis is a congenital condition and would not present suddenly with abdominal pain and hematuria.

C. Nephrotic syndrome typically presents with significant proteinuria, but the acute onset of symptoms and recent strep throat history point more toward glomerulonephritis.

D. Polycystic kidney disease usually presents with abdominal or flank pain, hypertension, and hematuria over a more chronic course, not typically after an acute infection.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Passing flatus every 30 minutes indicates bowel activity and suggests that the child may be able to resume oral intake.

B. Absent bowel sounds indicate a lack of gastrointestinal function, which supports the continuation of NPO status until bowel function returns.

C. An increase in abdominal girth, even by 1 cm, can be concerning postoperatively and may indicate fluid retention or other issues, warranting further assessment.

D. Pain at the operative site is expected post-surgery, but it does not directly relate to the child’s ability to resume oral intake.

A. I can give my children's spin for fever B. Once the fever has gone away my child can go back to school C. Once some of the lesions are crusted over, the child is not contagious D. I can use cool/tepid water to sponge-bathe my child while the lesions are present

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Ibuprofen can be used for fever, but it is important to check if the child has varicella before administering due to potential Reye's syndrome.

B. The child should stay home until all lesions have crusted over to prevent spreading the virus, even if the fever is gone.

C. Once lesions have crusted, the child is no longer contagious, indicating understanding of the contagious period.

D. Using cool or tepid water is acceptable for soothing itching; however, it does not specifically address the need for proper care during the contagious phase.

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Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a child who is postoperative following surgical removal of a Wilms' tumor. Which of the following assessments sacation.co continue NPO status?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A 4 year old child presents with varicella and vesicular rash in various stages of healing. Which statement by the parent indicates understanding of the teaching?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

In caring for a child with nephrotic syndrome, which intervention will be most important to be included in the child's plan of care?

A nurse is caring for a child with a urinary tract infection. Which of the following should the nurse include in teaching for the child and family? Select all that apply

A parent calls a clinic and reports to a nurse that his 2-month-old infant is hungry more than usual but is having projectile vomiting immediately after eating Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

A nurse is discharging a child who has sickle cell anemia after an acute crisis episode. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

The nurse is providing care to a child with acute abdominal pain, currant-jelly-like stools and suspected intussusception. The nurse will discuss with the caregivers that the child will have which procedure

A 3 year old child with upper respiratory infection and low-grade fever is being treated with Acetominophen. The nurse is reviewing important anticipatory guidance with the parents which statement by the parents indicates the need for further teaching about this medication?

A nurse is caring for a child with a urinary tract infection. Which of the following should the nurse include in teaching for the child and family? Select all that apply