Which of the following statements is true of amino acid-based hormones?
They cross the plasma membrane.
They are lipid soluble.
They are synthesized from cholesterol.
They require a receptor in the plasma membrane.
The Correct Answer is D
a) They cross the plasma membrane.
Amino acid-based hormones are water-soluble and cannot easily cross the lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane.
b) They are lipid soluble.
Unlike steroid hormones, amino acid-based hormones are not lipid-soluble; they are hydrophilic.
c) They are synthesized from cholesterol.
Steroid hormones are synthesized from cholesterol, not amino acid-based hormones.
d) They require a receptor in the plasma membrane.
Due to their inability to cross the plasma membrane, amino acid-based hormones bind to cell surface receptors to trigger intracellular responses via second messengers.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
a) Low level of iron concentration in the blood: Iron is necessary for hemoglobin synthesis, but it does not directly stimulate EPO production.
b) Low level of oxygen concentration in the blood: Hypoxia is the primary stimulus for EPO release, which then promotes red blood cell production to increase oxygen-carrying capacity.
c) Low number of red blood cells in the blood: While anemia can lead to hypoxia, it is the oxygen deficit (not RBC count itself) that directly stimulates EPO.
d) High number of red blood cells in the blood: This would decrease EPO production through negative feedback.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
a) The anterior pituitary produces testosterone from cholesterol and releases it when releasing hormones arrive from the hypothalamus.
Testosterone is produced in the testes, not the anterior pituitary.
b) The hypothalamus produces ADH and oxytocin which are stored in the posterior pituitary.
ADH and oxytocin are synthesized in the hypothalamus and then transported to and stored in the posterior pituitary until needed.
c) The posterior pituitary contains autonomic centers that exert neural control over the adrenal glands.
The hypothalamus, not the posterior pituitary, regulates the adrenal medulla via neural signals.
d) The thalamus produces ADH and oxytocin which are stored in the anterior pituitary.
The thalamus is a relay station for sensory signals, not a hormone-producing structure.
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