Which of the following substances is most likely to cause skin irritation in an individual with irritant-type contact dermatitis?
Harsh soaps.
Non-latex gloves.
Warm water.
Vegetable oils.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Harsh soaps are alkaline substances that disrupt the skin's natural acidic mantle and lipid barrier. This breakdown of the stratum corneum allows irritants to penetrate more easily, leading to a direct inflammatory response in the keratinocytes and resulting in the characteristic rash and inflammation of irritant contact dermatitis.
Choice B rationale
Non-latex gloves are designed to be hypoallergenic and are typically used to prevent allergic reactions, a different type of contact dermatitis. They are generally considered less irritating than latex gloves for individuals with latex allergies and are unlikely to be a primary cause of irritant contact dermatitis.
Choice C rationale
Warm water is generally not considered an irritant. While prolonged exposure to hot water can strip the skin of its natural oils, warm water used for a short duration is not a typical cause of irritant contact dermatitis unless the individual has a pre-existing skin barrier dysfunction.
Choice D rationale
Vegetable oils are generally considered emollients, meaning they help to moisturize and protect the skin barrier. They are typically used in skincare products for their soothing properties and are very unlikely to cause irritant contact dermatitis unless the individual has a specific allergy to a component. *.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
"Impaired tissue integrity" is a broad term that could apply to many conditions. However, "related to epidermal shedding" is not a precise or accurate description of the underlying pathophysiology of psoriasis. Psoriasis is a hyperproliferative disorder where the skin cells grow too quickly, leading to the accumulation of scales, not just shedding. The primary problem is the creation of new, abnormal tissue, not just the shedding of old.
Choice B rationale
While anxiety is a common psychological response to a chronic skin condition like psoriasis, the specific risk for melanoma is not a direct concern for a patient with psoriasis itself. Psoriasis does not increase the risk for melanoma. However, some treatments for psoriasis, like phototherapy, can increase the risk of non-melanoma skin cancers.
Choice C rationale
Acute pain related to blistering and erosions of the oral cavity is a more appropriate diagnosis for conditions like pemphigus vulgaris or Stevens-Johnson syndrome, which are autoimmune blistering disorders. Psoriasis does not typically involve the formation of blisters or erosions in the oral cavity. The primary symptoms are plaques and scales, and pain is not usually a prominent feature unless the skin is cracked.
Choice D rationale
"Impaired skin integrity related to scaly lesions" is a highly appropriate nursing diagnosis for a patient with psoriasis. The scaly plaques directly represent a disruption in the skin's normal protective barrier. This diagnosis accurately reflects the physical manifestations of the disease and allows for the development of interventions aimed at restoring and maintaining the integrity of the skin's surface. *.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Flail chest is the paradoxical movement of a section of the chest wall, caused by multiple rib fractures in two or more places. It is characterized by paradoxical chest wall motion, where the injured segment moves in during inspiration and out during expiration. While it is a severe chest injury, it does not typically involve a large accumulation of blood in the pleural space, which is the defining characteristic mentioned in the patient's presentation.
Choice B rationale
A tension pneumothorax is a life-threatening condition where air enters the pleural space but cannot exit, causing a rapid increase in intrathoracic pressure. This leads to tracheal deviation, hypotension, and profound respiratory distress. While it can cause a collapsed lung and dyspnea, the defining characteristic is air trapping, not blood accumulation in the pleural space, making this diagnosis inconsistent with the patient's specific presentation of hemothorax.
Choice C rationale
A simple pneumothorax is the presence of air in the pleural space, causing the lung to collapse, but without the one-way valve effect seen in a tension pneumothorax. It presents with dyspnea and asymmetrical chest expansion. While it causes a collapsed lung, the defining feature of this patient's case is the presence of a blood accumulation in the pleural space, which is not a hallmark of a simple pneumothorax.
Choice D rationale
A hemothorax is a medical condition characterized by the accumulation of blood in the pleural cavity, which is the space between the lungs and the chest wall. The presence of a collapsed lung, blood accumulation in the pleural space, dyspnea, and asymmetrical chest expansion directly corresponds to the classic presentation of a hemothorax. This diagnosis accurately and completely accounts for all the symptoms described in the patient's clinical scenario. .
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