Which of the following would result in an increase in blood pressure?
Decreased cardiac output
Decreased vascular resistance
Hypovolemia
Vasoconstriction
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: Decreased cardiac output would result in a decrease in blood pressure, not an increase. Cardiac output is the amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute.
Choice B reason: Decreased vascular resistance would also result in a decrease in blood pressure, not an increase. Vascular resistance is the force that opposes the blood flow in the blood vessels.
Choice C reason: Hypovolemia would also result in a decrease in blood pressure, not an increase. Hypovolemia is the condition of having low blood volume due to fluid loss or dehydration.
Choice D reason: Vasoconstriction would result in an increase in blood pressure. Vasoconstriction is the narrowing of the blood vessels, which increases the vascular resistance and the blood pressure.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Glucocorticoids can cause an increase in blood sugar by stimulating gluconeogenesis and inhibiting insulin action. Therefore, a patient with type 1 diabetes who is taking glucocorticoids will not have no change in blood sugar, but rather a rise in blood sugar.
Choice B reason: Glucocorticoids can cause an increase in blood pressure by promoting sodium and water retention and increasing vascular reactivity. Therefore, a patient with type 1 diabetes who is taking glucocorticoids will not have a decrease in the blood pressure, but rather a possible increase in the blood pressure.
Choice C reason: Glucocorticoids can cause an increase in blood sugar by stimulating gluconeogenesis and inhibiting insulin action. Therefore, a patient with type 1 diabetes who is taking glucocorticoids will have an increase in blood sugar. This is the correct statement that describes the expected effect of glucocorticoids in this patient.
Choice D reason: Glucocorticoids can cause an increase in blood sugar by stimulating gluconeogenesis and inhibiting insulin action. Therefore, a patient with type 1 diabetes who is taking glucocorticoids will not have an increase in the need for carbohydrates, but rather a need for more insulin to control the blood sugar.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: The patient should not use the glucocorticoid as needed when symptoms flare. The glucocorticoid is a long-term controller medication that reduces inflammation and prevents exacerbations of COPD. It should be used regularly as prescribed, not as a rescue medication.
Choice B reason: The patient does not need to use the beta2-adrenergic agonist drug daily even when they don't have any symptoms. The beta2-adrenergic agonist is a short-acting bronchodilator that relaxes the smooth muscles of the airways and improves airflow. It should be used as needed for relief of acute symptoms, not as a maintenance medication.
Choice C reason: The beta2-adrenergic agonist does not suppress the synthesis of inflammatory mediators. The beta2-adrenergic agonist is a bronchodilator that acts on the beta2 receptors of the airways and causes relaxation of the smooth muscles. It does not have any anti-inflammatory effects.
Choice D reason: The glucocorticoid is used as prophylaxis to prevent exacerbations every day. This is the correct statement that indicates understanding of this medication regimen. The glucocorticoid is a long-term controller medication that reduces inflammation and prevents exacerbations of COPD. It should be used regularly as prescribed, along with the beta2-adrenergic agonist as needed for relief of acute symptoms.
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