Which nursing assessment confirms that the angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) that a patient is taking is effective?
LDL cholesterol levels have decreased
Weight loss of more than 2 pounds/week
Urinary output is increased
Blood pressure has decreased
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: ARBs do not affect the LDL cholesterol levels. They lower the blood pressure by blocking the action of angiotensin II, which is a hormone that causes vasoconstriction and sodium retention. Statins are the drugs that lower the LDL cholesterol levels.
Choice B reason: ARBs do not cause weight loss of more than 2 pounds/week. They lower the blood pressure by blocking the action of angiotensin II, which is a hormone that causes vasoconstriction and sodium retention. Diuretics are the drugs that cause weight loss by increasing the urine output and reducing the fluid volume.
Choice C reason: ARBs do not increase the urinary output. They lower the blood pressure by blocking the action of angiotensin II, which is a hormone that causes vasoconstriction and sodium retention. Diuretics are the drugs that increase the urinary output by inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium and water in the kidneys.
Choice D reason: ARBs lower the blood pressure by blocking the action of angiotensin II, which is a hormone that causes vasoconstriction and sodium retention. Therefore, a nursing assessment that confirms that the ARB that a patient is taking is effective is a decrease in the blood pressure. This is the correct statement that describes the expected outcome of ARBs.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is not what will happen when a person is hypotensive. Baroreceptors are sensory receptors that detect changes in blood pressure. When a person is hypotensive, the baroreceptors are more active, not less, and they send signals to the brain to increase the blood pressure.
Choice B reason: This is what will happen when a person is hypotensive. SNS stands for sympathetic nervous system, which is the part of the autonomic nervous system that prepares the body for fight or flight response. When a person is hypotensive, the SNS is activated to increase the heart rate, contractility, and vasoconstriction, which all raise the blood pressure.
Choice C reason: This is not what will happen when a person is hypotensive. Person will be bradycardic means that the person will have a slow heart rate, usually below 60 beats per minute. When a person is hypotensive, the opposite will happen, as the heart rate will increase to compensate for the low blood pressure.
Choice D reason: This is not what will happen when a person is hypotensive. SNS is suppressed means that the sympathetic nervous system is inhibited or reduced in activity. When a person is hypotensive, the SNS is not suppressed, but rather stimulated, to increase the blood pressure.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: ACE inhibitors do not lower heart rate. They lower blood pressure by blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, which is a potent vasoconstrictor. Beta blockers are the drugs that lower heart rate and blood pressure.
Choice B reason: ACE inhibitors inhibit vasoconstriction. This is the correct statement that describes the action of these medications. By blocking the angiotensin II formation, they prevent the narrowing of the blood vessels and reduce the resistance to blood flow.
Choice C reason: ACE inhibitors do not increase aldosterone secretion. They decrease it. Aldosterone is a hormone that causes the kidneys to retain sodium and water, which increases blood volume and pressure. By blocking the angiotensin II formation, ACE inhibitors reduce the stimulation of aldosterone secretion and promote sodium and water excretion.
Choice D reason: ACE inhibitors do not promote sodium retention. They promote sodium excretion. As explained above, ACE inhibitors reduce the aldosterone secretion and prevent the kidneys from reabsorbing sodium and water. This lowers the blood volume and pressure.
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