Which of the following would surgical closure of the patent ductus arteriosus do?
Decrease the edema in the legs and feet
Increase the oxygenation of the blood
Prevent the return of oxygenated blood to the lungs
Stop the loss of unoxygenated blood to the systemic circulation
The Correct Answer is C
A. Edema in the legs and feet is more commonly associated with right-sided heart failure, not specifically with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA).
B. While oxygenation may improve after closure, the primary issue in PDA is not poor oxygenation but inefficient circulation.
C. In PDA, oxygenated blood from the aorta flows back into the pulmonary artery, causing extra blood to return to the lungs. Surgical closure prevents this left-to-right shunt, thereby reducing pulmonary overcirculation and improving cardiac efficiency.
D. The problem with PDA is not loss of unoxygenated blood to the systemic circulation — it’s the recirculation of already oxygenated blood to the lungs.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Kawasaki disease typically presents with fever, conjunctivitis, rash, swollen hands/feet, and lymphadenopathy, not following strep throat or with joint pain as a primary feature.
B. Rheumatic heart disease is a complication of rheumatic fever, which can follow an untreated or inadequately treated streptococcal throat infection. The child’s symptoms—fever, shortness of breath (carditis), abdominal pain, and painful swollen joint (arthritis)—are classic signs of rheumatic fever, which can lead to long-term cardiac damage.
C. Coarctation of the aorta is a congenital condition involving narrowing of the aorta and typically presents with differential blood pressure between extremities, not joint swelling or post-streptococcal symptoms.
D. Dextro-transposition of the great arteries is a cyanotic congenital heart defect that presents in newborns, not older children with post-infectious symptoms.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Convert weight to kilograms:
30 lb ÷ 2.2 = 13.64 kg
Calculate dose in mg:
20 mg/kg × 13.64 kg = 272.8 mg per dose
Determine volume to administer:
If 125 mg = 5 mL, then:
(272.8 mg × 5 mL) ÷ 125 mg = 10.912 mL
Round to the nearest tenth:
10.912 mL ≈ 10.9 mL
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