Which of the following would surgical closure of the patent ductus arteriosus do?
Decrease the edema in the legs and feet
Increase the oxygenation of the blood
Prevent the return of oxygenated blood to the lungs
Stop the loss of unoxygenated blood to the systemic circulation
The Correct Answer is C
A. Edema in the legs and feet is more commonly associated with right-sided heart failure, not specifically with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA).
B. While oxygenation may improve after closure, the primary issue in PDA is not poor oxygenation but inefficient circulation.
C. In PDA, oxygenated blood from the aorta flows back into the pulmonary artery, causing extra blood to return to the lungs. Surgical closure prevents this left-to-right shunt, thereby reducing pulmonary overcirculation and improving cardiac efficiency.
D. The problem with PDA is not loss of unoxygenated blood to the systemic circulation — it’s the recirculation of already oxygenated blood to the lungs.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Sores may occur from mouth trauma or viral infections but are not a common side effect of inhaled corticosteroids.
B. Hairy tongue is a rare condition usually linked to poor oral hygiene or antibiotic use, not inhaled corticosteroids.
C. Thrush (oral candidiasis) is a common side effect of inhaled corticosteroids. The medication can suppress local immunity in the mouth and throat, allowing Candida (yeast) to overgrow. This is why patients are advised to rinse their mouth after using inhaled corticosteroids.
D. Bad breath may result from dry mouth or infections but is not a primary or common side effect of this medication.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Step 1: Use the Holliday-Segar formula for maintenance fluids:
For the first 10 kg: 100 mL/kg/day
For the next 10 kg: 50 mL/kg/day
For any additional kg over 20 kg: 20 mL/kg/day
Step 2: Calculate for 36 kg
First 10 kg → 10 × 100 = 1,000 mL
Next 10 kg → 10 × 50 = 500 mL
Remaining 16 kg → 16 × 20 = 320 mL
Total = 1000 + 500 + 320 = 1,820 mL/day
Step 3: Convert to hourly rate
1820 mL/day ÷ 24 hr = 75.8 mL/hr
= 76 mL/hr (rounded off to the nearest whole number.
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