Which of the following would surgical closure of the patent ductus arteriosus do?
Decrease the edema in the legs and feet
Increase the oxygenation of the blood
Prevent the return of oxygenated blood to the lungs
Stop the loss of unoxygenated blood to the systemic circulation
The Correct Answer is C
A. Edema in the legs and feet is more commonly associated with right-sided heart failure, not specifically with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA).
B. While oxygenation may improve after closure, the primary issue in PDA is not poor oxygenation but inefficient circulation.
C. In PDA, oxygenated blood from the aorta flows back into the pulmonary artery, causing extra blood to return to the lungs. Surgical closure prevents this left-to-right shunt, thereby reducing pulmonary overcirculation and improving cardiac efficiency.
D. The problem with PDA is not loss of unoxygenated blood to the systemic circulation — it’s the recirculation of already oxygenated blood to the lungs.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. A humidifier can help keep secretions moist and reduce discomfort, but it does not prevent aspiration and is not a priority in the immediate postoperative period.
B. Suctioning the nasopharynx should be done with caution after a tonsillectomy, as it can irritate the surgical site and cause bleeding; it is not a routine action to prevent aspiration.
C. Chest physiotherapy is not appropriate in the immediate postoperative period following a tonsillectomy and could increase the risk of bleeding.
D. After a tonsillectomy, the nurse should withhold oral fluids until the child is fully awake and has a demonstrated gag reflex, which helps ensure that the airway is protected and reduces the risk of aspiration.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Cromolyn sodium is a mast cell stabilizer, not a corticosteroid. It is used for preventing asthma symptoms, but it is not a corticosteroid and is less commonly used now.
B. Levalbuterol is a short-acting beta-agonist (SABA) and used as a rescue medication, not for long-term prevention.
C. Terbutaline is a beta-2 agonist and may be used for rescue or emergency use, especially in status asthmaticus, but not a corticosteroid or daily controller.
D. Budesonide (Pulmicort) is an inhaled corticosteroid used regularly as a controller medication to prevent asthma attacks by reducing airway inflammation. It is not used for acute relief, but rather for long-term management of asthma.
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