Which of the following drugs is a non-potassium-sparing diuretic for a child with a cardiac condition?

Captopril (Capoten)

Spironolactone (Aldactone)

Chlorothiazide (Duril)

Furosemide (LSK)

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Captopril is an ACE inhibitor, not a diuretic. It is used to treat hypertension and heart failure by lowering blood pressure and reducing afterload.
B. Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, meaning it helps the body eliminate fluid without causing potassium loss.
C. Chlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic and can cause some potassium loss, but it is generally less potent than loop diuretics like furosemide.
D. Furosemide (Lasix/LSK) is a loop diuretic and a non–potassium-sparing diuretic. It is commonly used in children with cardiac conditions to reduce fluid overload but requires careful monitoring of electrolytes, especially potassium, due to the risk of hypokalemia.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Sores may occur from mouth trauma or viral infections but are not a common side effect of inhaled corticosteroids.
B. Hairy tongue is a rare condition usually linked to poor oral hygiene or antibiotic use, not inhaled corticosteroids.
C. Thrush (oral candidiasis) is a common side effect of inhaled corticosteroids. The medication can suppress local immunity in the mouth and throat, allowing Candida (yeast) to overgrow. This is why patients are advised to rinse their mouth after using inhaled corticosteroids.
D. Bad breath may result from dry mouth or infections but is not a primary or common side effect of this medication.

A. Decrease the edema in the legs and feet B. Increase the oxygenation of the blood C. Prevent the return of oxygenated blood to the lungs D. Stop the loss of unoxygenated blood to the systemic circulation

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Edema in the legs and feet is more commonly associated with right-sided heart failure, not specifically with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA).
B. While oxygenation may improve after closure, the primary issue in PDA is not poor oxygenation but inefficient circulation.
C. In PDA, oxygenated blood from the aorta flows back into the pulmonary artery, causing extra blood to return to the lungs. Surgical closure prevents this left-to-right shunt, thereby reducing pulmonary overcirculation and improving cardiac efficiency.
D. The problem with PDA is not loss of unoxygenated blood to the systemic circulation — it’s the recirculation of already oxygenated blood to the lungs.

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Which of the following drugs is a non-potassium-sparing diuretic for a child with a cardiac condition?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

What is a common side effect of inhaled corticosteroids?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Which of the following would surgical closure of the patent ductus arteriosus do?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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