Which significant change in the treatment of people with mental illness occurred in the 1950s?

Legislation dramatically changed civil commitment procedures

Community support services were established

The Patient’s Bill of Rights was enacted

Psychotropic drugs became available

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: Legislation changing civil commitment procedures occurred later, notably in the 1960s–1970s, with deinstitutionalization movements. In the 1950s, institutional care was still prevalent, and legislative reforms were not the primary change in mental health treatment, making this option incorrect for that decade.

Choice B reason: Community support services expanded significantly during the 1960s with deinstitutionalization, not the 1950s. While some early community efforts existed, they were not the hallmark change of the 1950s, when institutional care dominated, and psychotropic drugs revolutionized treatment approaches for mental illness.

Choice C reason: The Patient’s Bill of Rights was formalized in the 1970s, not the 1950s. While patient advocacy began to emerge later, the 1950s focused primarily on medical advancements like psychotropic drugs, not legal frameworks for patient rights, making this option incorrect.

Choice D reason: In the 1950s, psychotropic drugs like chlorpromazine were introduced, revolutionizing mental health treatment. These medications effectively managed psychosis, reducing symptoms and enabling outpatient care, decreasing reliance on long-term institutionalization. This marked a significant shift in psychiatric care, making it the key change of the decade.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: This response reinforces professional boundaries while therapeutically redirecting the client to explore external social support, addressing potential dependency. It validates the client’s feelings without personalizing the relationship, promoting healthy coping and social integration, which are critical for mental health recovery and maintaining therapeutic integrity.

Choice B reason: Bluntly denying friendship dismisses the client’s feelings, potentially damaging trust and therapeutic rapport. This approach risks alienating the client, who may feel rejected, hindering open communication and progress in addressing underlying emotional needs, making it non-therapeutic in a mental health context.

Choice C reason: Suggesting other friends without exploration dismisses the client’s expressed feelings, potentially invalidating their emotional experience. The assumption about existing friends may not apply, and the response lacks therapeutic engagement, failing to address the client’s dependency or need for social connection, making it less effective.

Choice D reason: Affirming the client’s view of friendship blurs professional boundaries, fostering dependency and compromising therapeutic objectivity. While validating feelings is important, reinforcing a personal connection risks hindering the client’s ability to develop external support systems, making this response non-therapeutic for mental health progress.

A. Because your kidneys no longer produce urine, fluid can build up quickly and lead to complications like high blood pressure or difficulty breathing B. You should actually drink more fluids to stay hydrated since you’re not urinating C. As long as you’re attending all your dialysis sessions, your fluid intake doesn’t need to be restricted D. It’s not the fluids that are harmful, it’s the foods that are high in potassium and phosphorus

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: In ESRD, anuria means no urine output, so excess fluid accumulates in the body, increasing intravascular volume. This can cause hypertension, pulmonary edema, and respiratory distress. Educating the client about these risks emphasizes the importance of fluid restrictions to prevent life-threatening complications between dialysis sessions, addressing their frustration accurately.

Choice B reason: Advising increased fluid intake is incorrect for anuric ESRD patients, as their kidneys cannot excrete fluid. This would exacerbate fluid overload, leading to hypertension, heart failure, or pulmonary edema. Hydration is managed through dialysis, not increased oral intake, which could overwhelm the body’s limited fluid-handling capacity.

Choice C reason: Stating that fluid intake is unrestricted with dialysis is incorrect. Even with regular dialysis, excessive fluid intake between sessions can lead to overload, causing hypertension or pulmonary edema. Dialysis removes a limited amount of fluid per session, requiring strict restrictions to maintain safe fluid balance and prevent complications.

Choice D reason: While potassium and phosphorus restrictions are critical in ESRD to prevent hyperkalemia and hyperphosphatemia, the client’s question focuses on fluid restrictions. This response does not address fluid overload risks like hypertension or pulmonary edema, which are direct consequences of excessive fluid intake in anuric patients, making it irrelevant to the query.

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Which significant change in the treatment of people with mental illness occurred in the 1950s?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse and client are engaged in a discussion. The client says, “I feel really close to you. You are my only true friend.” Which response by the nurse would be most therapeutic?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

An adult client was put in restraints after all other attempts to reduce aggression have failed. Which is required now that restraints have been instituted by the nurse?

When is a nurse legally obligated to breach confidentiality?

Which statement about nonverbal communication is accurate?

Which of the following would the nurse expect to find when reviewing the laboratory test results of a client with renal failure?

A nurse working on a psychiatric unit receives a telephone call from a client’s employer requesting a copy of the client’s psychological evaluation results. Based on the nurse’s knowledge of breach of confidentiality, which response would be appropriate?

A nurse is assigned to administer oral medications to a client. Which action will the nurse do first if a client refuses to take prescribed oral medications?

A client with end-stage kidney disease is scheduled to begin hemodialysis. The nurse is working with the client to adapt the client’s diet to maximize the therapeutic effect and minimize the risks of complications. The client’s diet should include which of the following modifications?