Which statement about monoamine oxidase inhibitors is inaccurate?
The client should be careful with their diet since some foods cause adverse reactions
Clients experience immediate improvement in symptoms
These drugs are used when newer drugs have not been effective
There are some drug-to-drug interactions that can contribute to hypertensive crisis
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) require dietary restrictions to avoid tyramine-rich foods (e.g., aged cheese), which can cause hypertensive crisis by increasing norepinephrine release. MAOIs inhibit monoamine breakdown, amplifying tyramine’s effects. This statement is accurate, as dietary caution is critical to prevent serious adverse reactions.
Choice B reason: MAOIs, like phenelzine, take 2-6 weeks to improve depressive symptoms by increasing monoamine levels (serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine). Immediate improvement does not occur due to gradual synaptic changes. This statement is inaccurate, as the delayed onset is a key characteristic of MAOIs, similar to other antidepressants.
Choice C reason: MAOIs are reserved for treatment-resistant depression when newer drugs like SSRIs fail, due to their side effect profile and dietary restrictions. They effectively increase monoamine availability but are less preferred due to safety concerns. This statement is accurate, reflecting their role in refractory cases.
Choice D reason: MAOIs can cause hypertensive crisis via drug interactions (e.g., with SSRIs or sympathomimetics), as they inhibit monoamine breakdown, leading to excessive norepinephrine. This can result in severe blood pressure elevation. This statement is accurate, as drug interactions are a significant risk with MAOI therapy.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: An ileal conduit is typically a permanent procedure for bladder cancer after cystectomy, as the bladder is removed. Reversibility is rare and depends on specific circumstances, not guaranteed. This statement is inaccurate, as it falsely suggests that ileal conduits are always temporary and reversible.
Choice B reason: Diverting urine to the sigmoid colon describes a ureterosigmoidostomy, not an ileal conduit. In an ileal conduit, urine is diverted through an ileal segment to an abdominal stoma, not the rectum. This statement is inaccurate, as it describes a different urinary diversion procedure.
Choice C reason: An ileal conduit involves diverting urine from the ureters through a segment of ileum to a stoma on the abdomen, where urine is collected in an external pouch. This is the standard procedure for bladder cancer post-cystectomy, making this statement accurate and descriptive of the ileal conduit.
Choice D reason: An ileal conduit does not create an opening in the bladder; the bladder is often removed in bladder cancer. Urine is diverted from the ureters to a stoma, bypassing the bladder. This statement is inaccurate, as it misrepresents the anatomical changes in an ileal conduit.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: PPIs are used for short-term treatment of ulcers and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), typically 4-8 weeks, not long-term, due to risks like nutrient deficiencies or infections. Long-term use is reserved for specific conditions like Barrett’s esophagus, making this statement inaccurate for general use.
Choice B reason: While PPIs are available orally and intravenously, this is not the primary focus of patient education. Their efficacy in suppressing acid production is more critical than administration routes. This statement is less relevant, as it does not address therapeutic use or safety considerations.
Choice C reason: PPIs cause adverse effects in older adults, including increased risks of fractures, Clostridium difficile infection, and vitamin B12 deficiency due to prolonged acid suppression. This statement is inaccurate, as older clients are particularly susceptible to these risks, requiring careful monitoring during PPI therapy.
Choice D reason: PPI treatment emphasizes the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration to minimize risks like infections, fractures, or nutrient malabsorption. This approach balances acid suppression with safety, especially for ulcers or GERD, making this statement accurate and critical for patient education on safe use.
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