Which medication is most likely to increase urine flow?

Furosemide

Spironolactone

Hydrochlorothiazide

Mannitol

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: Furosemide, a loop diuretic, inhibits the sodium-potassium-chloride cotransporter in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle, preventing sodium and water reabsorption. This increases urine output significantly, often within minutes, making it highly effective for conditions like edema or heart failure, producing a rapid diuresis of up to 20% of filtered sodium.

Choice B reason: Spironolactone, a potassium-sparing diuretic, inhibits aldosterone in the distal tubule, reducing sodium reabsorption and increasing urine output. However, its diuretic effect is weaker than furosemide, as it affects only 2-3% of filtered sodium. It is primarily used for managing hyperaldosteronism or potassium retention, not rapid urine flow increase.

Choice C reason: Hydrochlorothiazide, a thiazide diuretic, inhibits sodium-chloride reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule, increasing urine output. Its effect is milder than furosemide, impacting about 5-10% of filtered sodium. It is commonly used for hypertension but is less potent for rapid diuresis in conditions requiring significant urine flow.

Choice D reason: Mannitol, an osmotic diuretic, increases urine flow by preventing water reabsorption in the proximal tubule and loop of Henle. It is effective in acute settings like cerebral edema but less commonly used for routine diuresis compared to furosemide, which has a broader and more rapid effect on urine output.

Nursing Test Bank

Quiz #1: RN Exams Pharmacology Exams Quiz #2: RN Exams Medical-Surgical Exams Quiz #3: RN Exams Fundamentals Exams Quiz #4: RN Exams Maternal-Newborn Exams Quiz #5: RN Exams Anatomy and Physiology Exams Quiz #6: RN Exams Obstetrics and Pediatrics Exams Quiz #7: RN Exams Fluid and Electrolytes Exams Quiz #8: RN Exams Community Health Exams Quiz #9: RN Exams Promoting Health across the lifespan Exams Quiz #10: RN Exams Multidimensional care Exams

Get 100+ Naxlex Exit Exams for $79 Try Naxlex NCLEX-RN (14 Day Free-Trial)

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Quiz #1: Naxlex RN Comprehensive online practice 2019 B with NGN Quiz #2: Naxlex RN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Quiz #3: Naxlex RN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Exit Exam A Quiz #4: Naxlex HESI Exit LPN Exam Quiz #5: Naxlex PN Comprehensive Predictor PN 2020 Quiz #6: Naxlex VATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2020 Quiz #8: Naxlex PN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 - Exam 1 Quiz #10: Naxlex HESI PN Exit exam Quiz #11: Naxlex HESI PN EXIT Exam 2

Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Negative glucose in urine is normal, as the kidneys reabsorb glucose unless blood levels exceed 180 mg/dL (e.g., in diabetes). In hypertension, this finding does not indicate renal damage or require further assessment, as it aligns with normal renal function and glucose handling.

Choice B reason: Negative white blood cells in urine suggest no urinary tract infection or inflammation, a normal finding. In hypertensive patients, this does not signal kidney damage or other complications, so no additional assessment is needed, as it indicates an absence of acute inflammatory processes.

Choice C reason: Proteinuria (positive protein) indicates potential renal damage, common in hypertension due to glomerular injury from elevated pressure. It suggests impaired filtration, allowing proteins like albumin to leak into urine. This finding warrants further assessment, such as quantifying protein levels or evaluating kidney function, making it the correct choice.

Choice D reason: Creatinine in urine is normal, as it is a waste product excreted by the kidneys. While serum creatinine assesses renal function, urinary creatinine presence is expected and does not indicate pathology in hypertension, so it does not require additional assessment in this context.

A. Osteoporosis B. Systemic lupus erythematosus C. Osteoarthritis D. Rheumatoid arthritis

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Osteoporosis causes bone density loss, leading to fractures, not primary joint pain. Pain occurs secondary to fractures, not joint inflammation or degeneration. This condition is the least likely to cause joint pain directly, as its pathology focuses on bone fragility rather than synovial or cartilage issues.

Choice B reason: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) causes joint pain due to autoimmune-mediated synovitis, affecting multiple joints symmetrically. Inflammatory cytokines drive pain and swelling, making SLE a common cause of joint pain, unlike osteoporosis, which primarily affects bone structure without direct joint involvement.

Choice C reason: Osteoarthritis causes joint pain due to cartilage degeneration and bone-on-bone friction, particularly in weight-bearing joints like knees. Mechanical stress and inflammation contribute to chronic pain, making osteoarthritis a frequent cause of joint pain, unlike osteoporosis, which lacks primary joint pathology.

Choice D reason: Rheumatoid arthritis causes significant joint pain through autoimmune synovial inflammation, leading to swelling, stiffness, and cartilage damage. This systemic condition affects multiple joints, making it a primary cause of joint pain, unlike osteoporosis, which is associated with bone loss, not joint inflammation.

View Question and Answer

Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.

Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today

Which medication is most likely to increase urine flow?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with a history of hypertension has a urine analysis ordered. Which finding would warrant additional assessment?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client presents in the emergency department with joint pain. Which condition would be least likely to cause this symptom?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The client states they are experiencing constipation. What tool would not be included in the assessment of this condition?

A client diagnosed with liver disease asks the nurse why the health care provider is changing the dose of the client’s medications. Which statement is the nurse’s best response?

A nurse is assessing a client for potential complications related to obesity. Which condition is the client most at risk for due to obesity?

A nurse is preparing to discharge an obese client after abdominal surgery. Which instruction should the nurse prioritize to promote wound healing and prevent complications?

A nurse is teaching a class on systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Which statement, if made by the nurse, is not accurate?

A client is diagnosed with cholelithiasis. Which condition is least likely to lead to this disorder?

The nurse is caring for a client who is diagnosed with an autoimmune disease that causes significant joint pain. The client reports that they take prednisone daily at home and occasionally take ibuprofen when the pain is extreme. What is the best response by the nurse?

Which statement about Crohn’s disease is accurate?