Which statement best describes arteries?

A. Allowing the organelles to spill free from the bacteria:Bacteria do not have membrane-bound organelles, so this mechanism is not applicable. The membrane attack complex does not function by releasing organelles but targets the plasma membrane itself.

B. Disrupting the selective permeability of a bacteria's plasma membrane:The MAC forms pores in the bacterial plasma membrane, disrupting its integrity and allowing ions and water to flow uncontrollably. This loss of membrane selectivity leads to cell lysis and death, effectively killing the bacteria.

C. Penetrating the capsule of the bacteria giving antibiotic drugs access to bacterial cells:The MAC does not facilitate antibiotic entry. Its function is independent of drug therapy and directly lyses bacterial cells by forming transmembrane channels.

D. Providing a passage for antibodies to enter into the bacterial cytosol:Antibodies cannot enter bacterial cytosol via MAC. The MAC kills bacteria through pore formation that disrupts osmotic balance, not by transporting antibodies into the cell.

A. Forming a large number of cytotoxic cells:Cytotoxic cells are produced by T lymphocytes, notB cells. B cells respond to antigens primarily by producing antibodies and memory cells, not cytotoxic T cells.

B. Immediately producing antigen-specific antibodies:B cells require activation and clonal expansion before producing significant amounts of antibodies. The response is not instantaneous; there is a latent period during the primary immune response.

C. Producing progeny cells that include plasma cells and memory cells:Upon activation, B cells undergo clonal selection and differentiate into plasma cells, which secrete antibodies, and memory B cells, which provide long-term immunity. This is the hallmark of the primary adaptive immune response.

D. Reducing its size:B cells do not shrink in response to antigen exposure. Instead, they proliferate and differentiate to mount an effective immune response.