Which statement is true regarding systolic and diastolic blood pressure?
Diastolic pressure is the higher number in a blood pressure reading.
Diastolic pressure occurs when the heart is relaxed between beats.
Systolic pressure occurs during ventricular relaxation, and diastolic pressure occurs during ventricular contraction.
Systolic pressure represents the lower value in a blood pressure reading.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Diastolic pressure is the higher number in a blood pressure reading: In a standard blood pressure measurement (e.g., 120/80 mmHg), the systolic value is the higher number and reflects peak arterial pressure during ventricular contraction. Diastolic pressure is the lower value, representing arterial pressure when the heart is at rest between beats.
B. Diastolic pressure occurs when the heart is relaxed between beats: Diastolic pressure reflects the arterial pressure during ventricular relaxation (diastole). During this phase, the ventricles fill with blood, and the elastic recoil of the arteries maintains baseline pressure in the circulation, ensuring continuous perfusion of tissues.
C. Systolic pressure occurs during ventricular relaxation, and diastolic pressure occurs during ventricular contraction: Systolic pressure corresponds to ventricular contraction (systole), when blood is ejected into the aorta, producing the highest arterial pressure. Diastolic pressure occurs during ventricular relaxation, not contraction.
D. Systolic pressure represents the lower value in a blood pressure reading: Systolic pressure is the higher value because it reflects the force generated when the left ventricle contracts and propels blood into systemic circulation. The lower value is diastolic pressure, maintained by arterial elasticity and peripheral resistance during cardiac relaxation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Correct answer: False
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), also known as vasopressin, is not released by the kidneys; it is produced by the hypothalamus and stored and released from the posterior pituitary gland. ADH acts on the kidneys’ collecting ducts to increase water reabsorption, which helps retain water, concentrate the urine, and expand intravascular fluid volume. Its release is triggered by increased plasma osmolality or decreased blood volume, allowing the body to maintain fluid balance and blood pressure.
Correct Answer is ["A","C"]
Explanation
A. Pulmonary, renal: The renal circulation is a specialized part of the systemic circulation that supplies the kidneys. While important, it does not represent one of the two main circulatory circuits of the body.
B. Systemic, hepatic: The hepatic portal system is a portion of the systemic circulation responsible for transporting nutrient-rich blood from the gastrointestinal tract to the liver. It is not considered one of the two primary circulatory circuits.
C. Pulmonary, lymphatic: The lymphatic system is a separate network that returns interstitial fluid to the bloodstream and supports immune function. It is not part of the main arterial and venous blood transport circuits.
D. Systemic, pulmonary: The two main circuits of blood flow are the systemic circuit, which carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the body and returns deoxygenated blood to the heart, and the pulmonary circuit, which carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation and returns oxygenated blood to the heart.
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