Which statement regarding atopic dermatitis (eczema) in the infant is most accurate?
It is associated with allergy with a hereditary tendency.
It is associated with upper respiratory tract infections.
It is easily cured.
Treatment includes keeping the skin dry.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: This statement is correct, as atopic dermatitis (eczema) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder that is often linked to allergic conditions, such as asthma, hay fever, or food allergies. It also has a genetic component, as it tends to run in families.
Choice B reason: This statement is incorrect, as atopic dermatitis (eczema) is not associated with upper respiratory tract infections, but rather with lower respiratory tract infections, such as bronchitis or pneumonia. Upper respiratory tract infections affect the nose, throat, and sinuses, while lower respiratory tract infections affect the lungs and airways.
Choice C reason: This statement is incorrect, as atopic dermatitis (eczema) is not easily cured, but rather a chronic and relapsing condition that requires long-term management. There is no cure for eczema, but the symptoms can be controlled with medications, moisturizers, and avoidance of triggers.
Choice D reason: This statement is incorrect, as treatment for atopic dermatitis (eczema) does not include keeping the skin dry, but rather keeping the skin moist and hydrated. Dry skin can worsen the itching and inflammation of eczema, so the nurse should advise the parents to apply emollients to the infant's skin after bathing, use mild and fragrance-free soaps and detergents, and avoid excessive heat and sweating.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is not a good choice. Watching for signs of cyanosis and administering high dose steroids are not the first steps in managing infective endocarditis. Cyanosis is a late sign of hypoxia and steroids are not indicated for this condition.
Choice B reason: This is the correct choice. Obtaining blood cultures, administering high dose antibiotics, and assessing for cardiac decompensation are the priority interventions for a child with infective endocarditis. Blood cultures are needed to identify the causative organism and guide antibiotic therapy. High dose antibiotics are needed to eradicate the infection and prevent further damage to the heart valves. Cardiac decompensation is a serious complication of infective endocarditis that can lead to heart failure and shock.
Choice C reason: This is not a good choice. Starting high dose antibiotics, obtaining serial blood cultures, and putting the child on high flow oxygen are not the best order of management for infective endocarditis. Blood cultures should be obtained before starting antibiotics to avoid false negative results. High flow oxygen may not be necessary unless the child has signs of hypoxia or respiratory distress.
Choice D reason: This is not a good choice. Obtaining CBC, CXR and starting child on high dose aspirin are not the first steps in managing infective endocarditis. CBC and CXR are useful tests to monitor the infection and the cardiac function, but they are not as urgent as blood cultures. High dose aspirin is not recommended for infective endocarditis as it can increase the risk of bleeding.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: This statement is incorrect, as Tanner staging is not based on chronological age, but on the physical development of the child. Children may enter and progress through puberty at different ages, depending on their genetic, environmental, and nutritional factors.
Choice B reason: This statement is incorrect, as Tanner staging is not based on the sexual behavior of the child, but on the appearance of the external genitalia, breasts, and pubic hair. Sexual behavior is influenced by many factors, such as social, cultural, and psychological factors, and does not necessarily correlate with the stage of puberty.
Choice C reason: This statement is incorrect, as Tanner staging is not based on the increase in height and weight, but on the maturation of the reproductive organs and secondary sex characteristics. Height and weight are affected by many factors, such as nutrition, health, and genetics, and do not necessarily reflect the stage of puberty.
Choice D reason: This statement is correct, as Tanner staging is based on the predictable stages of puberty that are based on primary and secondary sexual characteristics. Primary sexual characteristics are the development of the internal and external reproductive organs, such as the ovaries, testes, uterus, penis, and vagina. Secondary sexual characteristics are the changes that occur in other parts of the body, such as the breasts, pubic hair, axillary hair, voice, and body shape.
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