Why are infants more susceptible to otitis media?
Infants are in a supine or prone position most of the time.
Sucking on a nipple creates middle ear pressure.
They have increased susceptibility to upper respiratory tract infections.
The eustachian tube is short, straight, and wide.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: A supine or prone position may allow milk or secretions to pool, but this is not the primary reason for otitis media susceptibility. Positioning contributes indirectly by facilitating fluid reflux, but anatomical factors are more significant in infants.
Choice B reason: Sucking on a nipple does not significantly create middle ear pressure. While bottle-feeding in a supine position may allow fluid reflux into the eustachian tube, this is secondary to the anatomical structure of the tube itself.
Choice C reason: Infants are prone to upper respiratory infections due to immature immunity, which can lead to otitis media. However, this is a contributing factor, not the primary anatomical reason, as infections exploit the eustachian tube’s structure to cause middle ear inflammation.
Choice D reason: Infants’ eustachian tubes are shorter, straighter, and wider than in adults, allowing easier passage of bacteria from the nasopharynx to the middle ear. This anatomical feature impairs drainage and ventilation, increasing susceptibility to fluid accumulation and infection, making it the primary cause.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["0.6"]
Explanation
Step 1 is: Convert pounds to kilograms 33 ÷ 2.2 = 15 Result = 15 kg
Step 2 is: Multiply weight by dosage 15 × 20 = 300 Result = 300 mg/day
Step 3 is: Divide total daily dose into 4 doses 300 ÷ 4 = 75 Result = 75 mg per dose
Step 4 is: (125 ÷ 1) = 125 mg/mL
Step 5 is: (75 ÷ 125) = 0.6 Result = 0.6 mL per dose
Final answer = 0.6 mL per dose
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: Tobacco use accelerates bone loss by reducing osteoblast activity and blood flow to bones, increasing osteoporosis risk. Cutting down on smoking improves bone density by enhancing bone formation and reducing resorption, a key preventive measure for women.
Choice B reason: Limiting alcohol to two drinks daily is not specific enough, as even moderate alcohol can impair calcium absorption and osteoblast function, increasing osteoporosis risk. Guidelines recommend minimal alcohol consumption, making this less accurate for prevention.
Choice C reason: Strengthening exercises (e.g., resistance training) stimulate osteoblast activity, increasing bone density and strength. This is critical for preventing osteoporosis, as mechanical stress on bones enhances mineralization, reducing fracture risk in women, especially postmenopausal.
Choice D reason: Calcium and vitamin D are essential for bone health. Calcium forms bone matrix, and vitamin D enhances its absorption. Adequate intake prevents bone resorption, maintaining bone density and reducing osteoporosis risk, making this a cornerstone of prevention.
Choice E reason: Weight-bearing exercises like walking stimulate bone formation by applying mechanical stress, increasing osteoblast activity. Walking 30 minutes three times weekly improves bone density and reduces fracture risk, making it an effective strategy for osteoporosis prevention in women.
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