Yellow bone marrow consists mostly of:
red blood cells
fat
white blood cells
cartilage
The Correct Answer is B
Rationale:
A. Red blood cells are primarily produced in red bone marrow, not yellow bone marrow. Red marrow is found mainly in flat bones (such as the pelvis, sternum, and ribs) and is the primary site of hematopoiesis (formation of blood cells).
B. Yellow bone marrow is made up largely of adipocytes (fat cells). Its main function is fat storage, which serves as an energy reserve. In adults, much of the red marrow gradually converts into yellow marrow with age, especially in the long bones.
C. Like red blood cells, most white blood cells are formed in red bone marrow, not yellow marrow. While yellow marrow can, under extreme conditions (such as severe blood loss), revert to red marrow to aid in hematopoiesis, its normal composition is primarily fat.
D. Cartilage is a connective tissue found in joints, the rib cage, ear, nose, and other structures. It is not a component of bone marrow.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Humerus is the long bone of the upper arm, extending from the shoulder to the elbow. While it is long and strong, it is not the longest bone in the body.
B. Ulna is one of the two forearm bones, located on the medial side (little finger side). It is relatively slender and much shorter than the femur.
C. Known as the shin bone, it is the second longest bone in the body and bears most of the body’s weight in the lower leg. However, it is still shorter than the femur.
D. The femur, or thigh bone, extends from the hip to the knee and is the longest, strongest, and heaviest bone in the human body. It supports much of the body’s weight, allows locomotion, and provides attachment points for many large muscles.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. This is the visible part of the hair above the skin’s surface. It is made of keratinized cells and does not have the ability to contract or move.
B. This is the portion of the hair located below the surface of the skin within the follicle. Like the shaft, it does not control hair movement.
C. The follicle is the structure in the dermis that surrounds and nourishes the hair root, providing the base for hair growth. While important for hair formation, it does not cause the hair to stand erect.
D. The arrector pili are small bands of smooth muscle fibers attached to hair follicles. When these muscles contract (in response to cold, fear, or emotional stimuli), they pull the hair follicle upright, causing the hair to "stand on end" (a phenomenon known as piloerection or "goosebumps").
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