You are planning on transfusing a unit of blood. Which of the following are appropriate measures to take? (Select all that apply)

Ensure that patients with AB+ blood type only receive blood from AB type donors

Finish transfusing PRBC's within 2 hours

Remain with the patient during the first 15 minutes of the infusion

Double check the blood product against the patient blood band with another RN

Prime blood tubing with normal saline (NS)

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,C,D,E

A.   Individuals with AB+ blood type can receive blood from any donor type (A, B, AB, or O) because they have no antibodies against A or B antigens. The safest practice is to provide the most compatible blood type, but AB+ recipients are considered universal recipients.
B.   To minimize the risk of bacterial growth and transfusion reactions, packed red blood cells (PRBCs) should be transfused within 2 hours of starting the infusion. It’s important to monitor the patient closely during this time.
C.   The first 15 minutes of a blood transfusion are critical for observing any immediate adverse reactions. The nurse should stay with the patient during this time to monitor vital signs and assess for any signs of a transfusion reaction.
D.   A crucial safety step is to verify the blood product against the patient’s blood band with another registered nurse (RN). This helps prevent errors related to mismatched blood transfusions, which can be life-threatening.
E.   Blood transfusion tubing should be primed with normal saline to ensure that the blood product flows properly and to maintain patency. Normal saline is used because it is compatible with blood products and does not cause hemolysis.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","E"]

Explanation

A. A positive antinuclear antibody (ANA) titer is a common finding in SLE. This test is often used as a screening tool for autoimmune diseases, and most patients with SLE will have a positive ANA. Therefore, this finding is expected.
B. The presence of protein in the urine (proteinuria) is indicative of kidney involvement, which can occur in SLE due to lupus nephritis. Given the client's difficulty urinating and other symptoms, this finding would be anticipated.
C. This statement is unlikely to be correct. In SLE, anemia is common due to various factors, including chronic disease, bone marrow involvement, or hemolysis. Therefore, an increased hemoglobin level would not be expected in this scenario.
D. This finding is not typically associated with SLE. SLE is primarily an autoimmune disease affecting the connective tissues, and thyroid function tests (like T3 and T4) would not show increased levels unless there is an underlying thyroid disorder. Therefore, this finding is not expected in SLE.
E. An elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level may be anticipated, especially if there is kidney involvement due to lupus nephritis. Increased BUN can indicate impaired kidney function, which aligns with the client's symptoms of difficulty urinating.

A. Neutropenia B. Anemia C. Leukopenia D. Left Shift

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Neutropenia refers to an abnormally low level of neutrophils in the blood. This condition can result from various factors, including severe infections, bone marrow issues, or certain medications. However, in the context of a severe bacterial infection, you would expect an increase in neutrophils, not a decrease.
B. Anemia is a condition characterized by a lack of healthy red blood cells to carry adequate oxygen to the body’s tissues. While infections can lead to anemia, it is not a direct indicator of white blood cell production or response to a bacterial infection.
C. Leukopenia refers to a decrease in the overall white blood cell count. Like neutropenia, it indicates a reduced ability to fight infection, which is not consistent with a severe bacterial infection where the body is actively trying to produce more white blood cells.
D. A "left shift" indicates the presence of increased immature neutrophils (such as band cells) in the blood, which occurs when the bone marrow releases these cells into circulation in response to a severe infection. This reflects the body’s effort to combat an infection, typically seen in bacterial infections.

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You are planning on transfusing a unit of blood. Which of the following are appropriate measures to take? (Select all that apply)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reviewing the plan of care for a client who has systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The client reports fatigue, joint tenderness, swelling, and difficulty urinating. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse anticipate? (Select all that apply)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","E"]

Explanation

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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