Your patient is being prepped for a procedure tomorrow morning that requires an IV contrast medium. While reviewing the patient's home medications he notices which medication should be discontinued temporarily in preparation for this procedure?

The sulfonylurea, glipizide

Short acting regular insulin

The meglitinide, repaglinide

The biguanide, metformin

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. The sulfonylurea, glipizide: Glipizide does not interact with IV contrast media and does not increase the risk of contrast-related complications. It is generally continued unless the patient will be NPO for an extended period.

B. Short-acting regular insulin: Insulin does not interact with IV contrast media. Dosing adjustments may be needed if the patient is NPO, but insulin is not discontinued due to contrast administration.

C. The meglitinide, repaglinide: Repaglinide does not pose a risk when IV contrast is administered. Like other short-acting antihyperglycemics, it may be held if the patient is not eating, but not because of contrast exposure.

D. The biguanide, metformin: Metformin is temporarily discontinued before and after IV contrast administration due to the risk of lactic acidosis if contrast-induced nephropathy occurs. Renal function is reassessed before restarting the medication to ensure patient safety.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. It is ok to take this medication while working since its side effects are not as pronounced as other opioids:Tramadol can cause dizziness, drowsiness, and impaired concentration, especially when starting therapy. Assuming it is safe to work without precautions may put the client at risk for accidents.

B. If changing position causes you to feel lightheaded, standing up immediately will help stabilize your balance and prevent you from falling:Standing quickly when feeling lightheaded can increase the risk of falls. The correct approach is to rise slowly from sitting or lying positions to minimize orthostatic hypotension.

C. Avoid driving and other activities that require mental alertness at the beginning of treatment:Tramadol can impair cognitive and motor skills, particularly during the initial stages of therapy. Advising the client to avoid driving or operating machinery ensures safety until they know how the medication affects them.

D. This drug is very safe to take and has no associated side effects:All medications, including tramadol, have potential side effects such as nausea, dizziness, constipation, and risk of dependence. Saying it is completely safe is inaccurate and unsafe.

A. Clopidogrel B. Simvastatin C. Lisinopril D. Hydrochlorothiazide

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Clopidogrel:Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet medication used to prevent thrombotic events, such as stroke or myocardial infarction. It does not lower LDL cholesterol or triglycerides and is not a first-line treatment for hyperlipidemia.

B. Simvastatin:Simvastatin is a statin that inhibits HMG-CoA reductase, reducing cholesterol synthesis in the liver. Statins are first-line therapy for patients with elevated LDL and triglycerides because they effectively lower LDL levels, modestly reduce triglycerides, and reduce cardiovascular risk.

C. Lisinopril:Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor used to manage hypertension and heart failure. It does not significantly affect lipid levels and is not indicated as a primary treatment for hyperlipidemia.

D. Hydrochlorothiazide:Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic used to treat hypertension and edema. It does not have a direct effect on LDL or triglyceride levels and is not used to manage hyperlipidemia.

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Your patient is being prepped for a procedure tomorrow morning that requires an IV contrast medium. While reviewing the patient's home medications he notices which medication should be discontinued temporarily in preparation for this procedure?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is providing education to a client who is prescribed tramadol. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include to ensure client safety?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A patient has been newly diagnosed as having high LDLS and high triglycerides. Which drug from the choices below will the nurse anticipate the doctor to order as a first line therapy for hyperlipidemia?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

What is the nurse's role when a client experiences an adverse drug event?

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