A woman who has plans to get pregnant has been taking captopril to manage her hypertension. Which statement made by the nurse is most appropriate when addressing taking this medication?

"Continuing captopril during pregnancy will not pose any risks to the developing fetus."

"Switching to another ACE inhibitor is advisable to reduce the risk of teratogenic effects during pregnancy."

"It is safe to take captopril during the first trimester as the teratogenic effects only occur later in pregnancy."

"Captopril should be discontinued and replaced with an alternative to avoid teratogenic effects on the fetus”

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. "Continuing captopril during pregnancy will not pose any risks to the developing fetus.": Captopril is an ACE inhibitor and is contraindicated in pregnancy due to its high risk of causing fetal malformations, renal failure, or death. Continuing the drug during pregnancy is unsafe and can lead to serious fetal harm.

B. "Switching to another ACE inhibitor is advisable to reduce the risk of teratogenic effects during pregnancy.": All ACE inhibitors carry similar teratogenic risks. Switching to another ACE inhibitor does not eliminate fetal risk. An alternative antihypertensive from a safer class is required.

C. "It is safe to take captopril during the first trimester as the teratogenic effects only occur later in pregnancy.": Teratogenic effects of ACE inhibitors can occur in any trimester, especially affecting fetal renal development in the second and third trimesters. First-trimester exposure can also cause congenital malformations. Use during any stage is unsafe.

D. "Captopril should be discontinued and replaced with an alternative to avoid teratogenic effects on the fetus": Discontinuing captopril before pregnancy and using a safer antihypertensive (e.g., labetalol or methyldopa) reduces the risk of fetal malformations and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Patient education on medication adjustment prior to conception is essential for safety.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. 30 minutes–1 hour:Regular insulin is a short-acting insulin that begins to lower blood glucose within 30 minutes, peaks at 2–4 hours, and lasts 5–8 hours. Serving the meal within 30–60 minutes of administration helps prevent hypoglycemia during the onset of insulin action.

B. 30 minutes–3 hours:While the onset is around 30 minutes, waiting up to 3 hours risks hypoglycemia because the insulin would already be active before the patient eats. The meal should be provided promptly, not delayed.

C. 1.5 to 2 hours after administering:Waiting 1.5–2 hours delays food intake until the insulin is near its peak effect, increasing the risk of hypoglycemia. This timing is unsafe for regular insulin.

D. 2–4 hours after administering:Providing food 2–4 hours post-injection coincides with the insulin peak, which greatly increases the risk of hypoglycemia. Meals must be timed closer to administration for safety.

A. Place one finger across the acromion process and measure fingerbreadth below to the midpoint and center of the lateral aspect of the upper arm B. ate the center of the arm between the elbow and the shoulder. C. Locate the middle third of the anterior thigh between the greater trochanter of the femur and the lateral femoral condyle D. Find the center of the anterior aspect of the thigh

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Place one finger across the acromion process and measure fingerbreadth below to the midpoint and center of the lateral aspect of the upper arm: This technique accurately identifies the deltoid muscle injection site, avoiding the acromion and underlying nerves or blood vessels. Proper site selection ensures safe and effective intramuscular administration of the hepatitis B vaccine.

B. Locate the center of the arm between the elbow and the shoulder: This is too vague and does not ensure injection into the deltoid muscle belly. Administering here may risk injecting into subcutaneous tissue or near nerves.

C. Locate the middle third of the anterior thigh between the greater trochanter of the femur and the lateral femoral condyle: This describes the vastus lateralis site, used for infants or adults who cannot use the deltoid. It is not appropriate for routine adult deltoid injections.

D. Find the center of the anterior aspect of the thigh: This incorrectly identifies the anterior thigh (rectus femoris) rather than the lateral thigh (vastus lateralis) or deltoid. This site is less recommended for adults due to pain and proximity to nerves.

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A woman who has plans to get pregnant has been taking captopril to manage her hypertension. Which statement made by the nurse is most appropriate when addressing taking this medication?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus is receiving regular insulin before breakfast. To prevent hypoglycemia, the nurse should ensure that the patient's meal is served within which time frame after insulin administration?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to administer the hepatitis B vaccine to a client. Which of the following techniques should the nurse use to locate the deltoid muscle?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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