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A 10-year-old child with pneumonia is receiving oxygen at 5 L/minute via a nasal cannula.
When planning care for this child, what principle of oxygen administration should the nurse keep in mind?

A.

Avoid administering oxygen at high levels for extended periods.

B.

Increase the oxygen rate during sleep to compensate for a slower respiratory rate.

C.

Taking a sedative at bedtime slows the respiratory rate, which decreases oxygen needs.

D.

Oxygen is less toxic when it is humidified with a hydration source.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale
Oxygen therapy is a crucial part of the management for patients with severe pneumonia. However, prolonged administration of high concentrations of oxygen can potentially lead to oxygen toxicity, resulting in damage to the cells of the lungs. This is due to the production of
 

reactive oxygen species which can damage cell structures. Therefore, it is important to avoid administering oxygen at high levels for extended periods.
Choice B rationale
While it might seem logical to increase the oxygen rate during sleep due to a slower respiratory rate, this is not typically recommended. The body’s oxygen requirements do not significantly change during sleep and increasing the oxygen rate could potentially lead to hyperoxia.
Choice C rationale
Sedatives can indeed slow the respiratory rate, but this does not decrease oxygen needs. In fact, it could potentially lead to respiratory depression and hypoxia, especially in a patient with a respiratory illness like pneumonia.
Choice D rationale
Humidification of oxygen can improve patient comfort, especially with high flow rates, by preventing dryness in the nasal passages. However, it does not make oxygen less toxic.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Suggesting that the child participate in a team sport to encourage socialization is not the best response. Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive disease that causes muscle weakness and loss of muscle mass. Participating in a team sport could be physically challenging for the child and could potentially lead to injury.
Choice B rationale
Encouraging the parents to allow the child to continue attending swimming lessons with supervision is the best response. Swimming is a low-impact exercise that can help maintain muscle strength and flexibility in children with DMD. It also provides an opportunity for socialization.
Choice C rationale
Explaining that the child is too young to understand the risks associated with swimming is not the best response. Children with DMD can participate in swimming with appropriate supervision and safety measures in place.
Choice D rationale
Providing a list of alternative activities that are less likely to cause the child to experience fatigue is not the best response. While it’s important to consider activities that are appropriate for the child’s physical abilities, it’s also important to consider the child’s interests. The child has expressed a desire to continue swimming, and with appropriate supervision, this activity can be beneficial.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Using a cushion when sitting can provide comfort but does not directly address the client’s electrolyte imbalance, elevated blood pressure, or weight gain.


Choice B rationale
Offering a high protein diet can be beneficial for clients with hepatic failure to support liver regeneration and prevent malnutrition. However, it does not directly address the client’s immediate issues.


Choice C rationale

Providing only distilled water does not address the client’s electrolyte imbalance, elevated blood pressure, or weight gain. In fact, it could potentially exacerbate electrolyte imbalances.


Choice D rationale
Documenting abdominal girth can help monitor for fluid accumulation (ascites), a common complication of hepatic failure that can contribute to weight gain and elevated blood pressure.

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