A 23-year-old pregnant woman has been referred to the PMHNP by her OB/GYN for management of bipolar disorder. Lithium should be avoided in the first trimester due to which potential teratogenic risk?
Neural tube defects
Ebstein's anomaly
Cleft palate
Floppy baby syndrome
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Neural tube defects are commonly associated with folate deficiency and medications like valproic acid or carbamazepine, not lithium.
Choice B reason: Ebstein's anomaly is a congenital heart defect involving the tricuspid valve and is the most well-documented teratogenic risk associated with lithium exposure during the first trimester. It is rare but serious, making this the correct answer.
Choice C reason: Cleft palate is associated with various teratogens, including phenytoin and alcohol, but not typically with lithium.
Choice D reason: Floppy baby syndrome refers to hypotonia in infants and is most commonly linked to maternal benzodiazepine use, not lithium.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Extrapyramidal symptoms are associated with dopamine antagonists, such as antipsychotics, and are not a concern with lamotrigine.
Choice B reason: Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a rare but serious dermatologic reaction associated with lamotrigine, especially when titrated too quickly. Slow titration reduces the risk of this potentially life-threatening condition.
Choice C reason: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is linked to antipsychotic use and is not associated with lamotrigine.
Choice D reason: Orthostatic hypotension is a side effect of some psychotropic medications but is not a primary concern with lamotrigine.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia. While it involves abnormal movements, the AIMS test is not designed to assess Parkinsonian symptoms specifically.
Choice B reason: Huntington’s disease is a genetic disorder that causes progressive motor dysfunction, cognitive decline, and psychiatric symptoms. Although it includes involuntary movements, the AIMS test is not used for its diagnosis or monitoring.
Choice C reason: Chorea refers to rapid, involuntary movements often seen in Huntington’s disease and other conditions. While chorea may be observed during an AIMS test, the scale is not designed to diagnose chorea itself.
Choice D reason: Tardive dyskinesia is a late-onset movement disorder caused by long-term use of antipsychotic medications, including ziprasidone. The AIMS test is specifically designed to detect and monitor symptoms of tardive dyskinesia, such as facial grimacing, tongue movements, and limb jerking.
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