A 29-year-old patient is admitted to the intensive care unit with the following symptoms: restlessness, hyperactive reflexes, talkativeness, confusion and periods of panic, and tachycardia. The nurse suspects that he may be experiencing the effects of taking which substance?

Opioids

Depressants

Alcohol

Stimulants

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   Opioids: Opioids typically cause sedation, respiratory depression, and decreased reflexes, which are opposite to the symptoms described.
B.   Depressants: Depressants, such as benzodiazepines or alcohol, would likely cause sedation, decreased reflexes, and confusion, but not the symptoms of restlessness, talkativeness, and hyperactive reflexes.
C.   Alcohol: While alcohol intoxication can cause confusion, talkativeness, and tachycardia, it is less likely to result in hyperactive reflexes and restlessness as described.
D.   Stimulants: Stimulants, such as amphetamines or cocaine, can cause restlessness, hyperactivity, talkativeness, confusion, panic, and tachycardia, matching the symptoms described.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "I will need to take extra care of my teeth and gums while on this medication.": Phenytoin can cause gum overgrowth (gingival hyperplasia), so taking extra care of oral hygiene is important.
B. "I will be able to stop taking this drug once the seizures stop.": Phenytoin is typically used as a long-term therapy for seizure control; stopping abruptly can lead to rebound seizures.
C. "I can go out for a beer while on this medication.": Alcohol consumption may interact with phenytoin and should be avoided or limited.
D. "I can skip doses if the side effects bother me.": Skipping doses of phenytoin can lead to inadequate seizure control and should not be done without consulting a healthcare provider.

Correct Answer is ["0.6"]

Explanation

To find out how many milliliters (mL) of methylnaltrexone should be administered to achieve a dose of 12 mg, we need to set up a proportion based on the available concentration.

Given:

Methylnaltrexone concentration: 8 mg per 0.4 mL
Desired dose: 12 mg

We can set up the proportion as follows:

8 /0.4 = 12 / x

Where ( x ) is the unknown amount of methylnaltrexone in milliliters.

To solve for ( x ), we can cross multiply and then divide:

8x = 0.4 12

8x = 4.8

x = 4.8/8

x = 0.6

Therefore, the nurse should administer 0.6 mL of methylnaltrexone.

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A 29-year-old patient is admitted to the intensive care unit with the following symptoms: restlessness, hyperactive reflexes, talkativeness, confusion and periods of panic, and tachycardia. The nurse suspects that he may be experiencing the effects of taking which substance?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse has given medication instructions to a patient receiving phenytoin. Which statement by the patient indicates that the patient has an adequate understanding of the instructions?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Correct Answer is ["0.6"]

Explanation

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