A 45-year-old woman comes to her physician complaining of nervousness and an unexplained weight loss of 25 pounds over the last 3 months, despite that she is not dieting or exercising. On her physical examination, the doctor notices protruding eyes, her skin is moist and warm and her fingers have a tremor. Compared to a normal individual, the biopsy of her thyroid gland would most likely reveal which of the following?
Decreased evidence of endocytosis
Decreased evidence of lysosomal activity
A decrease in the size of the follicular cells
A decrease in the cross-sectional area occupied by the colloid
Decreased number of reabsorption lacunae
The Correct Answer is D
a) Decreased evidence of endocytosis: Endocytosis increases in hyperthyroidism as T3/T4 are actively removed from colloid.
b) Decreased evidence of lysosomal activity: Lysosomal activity increases to process thyroglobulin into active hormones.
c) A decrease in the size of the follicular cells: Follicular cells become taller (columnar) and more active, not smaller.
d) A decrease in the cross-sectional area occupied by the colloid: In hyperthyroidism (e.g., Graves' disease), the thyroid follicles are hyperactive, so colloid is used up rapidly, reducing the colloid area.
e) Decreased number of reabsorption lacunae: These increase in number as colloid is actively resorbed.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
a) Prolactin (PRL): Secreted by anterior pituitary to stimulate milk production.
b) Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH): Stimulates adrenal cortex; anterior pituitary product.
c) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH): Produced by the anterior pituitary; regulates gonads.
d) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH): ADH is produced by the hypothalamus and stored/released by the posterior pituitary.
e) Luteinizing hormone (LH): Another anterior pituitary hormone involved in reproduction.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
a) Is the body's immediate response to a real or perceived threat to survival: This defines the fight-or-flight response.
b) Elevates heart and respiration rates and blood glucose level: These are physiological responses to increase energy and oxygen delivery.
c) Decreases urinary and digestive functions: These are temporarily suppressed to prioritize critical functions.
d) All of these are correct: This includes all the listed accurate physiological responses.
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