A 51-year-old male has come to the health clinic for his annual physical exam. After exerting himself by walking from his car to the clinic, he experienced substernal pain, discomfort in his left shoulder, and his jaw.

These symptoms lasted for 2-3 minutes and then subsided with rest.

He mentions that this has been a frequent occurrence over the past few months with similar levels of exertion.

What is the nurse likely to suspect he is experiencing?

Stable angina.

Prinzmetal angina.

Myocardial infarction (MI).

Unstable angina.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale
Stable angina typically occurs with exertion and goes away with rest. The symptoms described, including substernal pain, discomfort in the left shoulder and jaw, which subside with rest, are characteristic of stable angina.
Choice B rationale
Prinzmetal angina, also known as variant angina, is a type of angina (chest pain) caused by spasms in the coronary arteries. These spasms occur most often in coronary arteries that have not become hardened due to plaque buildup. However, they can also occur in hardened arteries. The symptoms can be similar to those of stable angina, but the typical triggers for the episodes are different.
Choice C rationale
A myocardial infarction (MI), or heart attack, occurs when one of the coronary arteries becomes blocked, often by a blood clot, causing part of the heart muscle to be damaged or die. The symptoms are usually more severe than what is described and do not typically subside with rest.
Choice D rationale
Unstable angina is a condition in which the angina symptoms become more severe, occur more frequently, or occur at rest. This is a medical emergency as it can often lead to a heart attack.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Keeping hands warm and wearing gloves when handling cold objects is one of the most effective ways to manage Raynaud’s disease. Cold temperatures can trigger Raynaud’s attacks, which can cause the fingers to turn white, then blue, and feel cold and numb.
Choice B rationale
While avoiding standing for prolonged periods can be beneficial for certain conditions, it is not specifically related to managing Raynaud’s disease.
Choice C rationale
Regular exercise can help improve circulation, which can be beneficial for people with Raynaud’s disease. However, it’s not as crucial as keeping the hands warm.
Choice D rationale
Regularly returning to the clinic for blood pressure checks is not specifically related to managing Raynaud’s disease. While it’s important for individuals with certain conditions, such as hypertension, to regularly monitor their blood pressure, it’s not a key aspect of managing Raynaud’s disease.

A. Bradycardia, palpitations, confusion, truncal rash. B. Severe respiratory distress, jugular venous distention, chest pain. C. Low blood pressure and tachycardia. D. Reduced cardiac output, increased systemic vascular resistance, moist cough.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Bradycardia, palpitations, confusion, and truncal rash are not typically associated with septic shock. Septic shock is a severe infection that occurs when bacteria enter the bloodstream. It can cause organs to fail and can lead to death.
Choice B rationale
Severe respiratory distress, jugular venous distention, and chest pain are more commonly associated with conditions like heart failure or pulmonary embolism, not septic shock.
Choice C rationale
Low blood pressure and tachycardia are common symptoms of septic shock. This happens because the body’s response to the infection causes blood vessels to dilate, which can lower blood pressure. The heart rate often increases (tachycardia) in an attempt to maintain blood flow to the organs.
Choice D rationale
Reduced cardiac output, increased systemic vascular resistance, and a moist cough are not typical symptoms of septic shock. These symptoms are more commonly associated with conditions like heart failure.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A woman has recently been diagnosed with Raynaud’s disease. What important information should the nurse provide to this patient?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A 20-year-old female is being admitted to the hospital with fever and septic shock. Which set of assessment findings would the nurse expect the patient to exhibit?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Upon receiving a change-of-shift report about four patients in a heart failure unit, which patient should the nurse prioritize for assessment?

As a nurse preparing for the admission of a child diagnosed with acute-stage Kawasaki disease, what clinical manifestation of the acute stage of the disease should be anticipated during the assessment?

Which medication, when noted in a patient’s history, will diminish the effects of Warfarin (Coumadin)?

A nurse performs Homans maneuver by flexing the knee and sharply dorsiflexing the foot. What response indicates a positive Homans sign?

What patient data would indicate to the nurse that the infusion of a thrombolytic agent should be stopped in a patient with an acute myocardial infarction?

In the context of a patient who has undergone coronary artery bypass grafting using a right radial artery graft, which observation is most crucial for the nurse to report to the healthcare provider?

As a nurse in a community-based setting, you are educating clients on strategies to prevent cardiovascular disease. Which interventions should you include? (Select all that apply)

Which patient statement would help the nurse confirm a previous diagnosis of chronic stable angina?