A 75-year-old male has problems initiating urine, emptying his bladder, and complains of dribbling. A digital rectal exam is performed, what does he likely have?
Benign prostatic hyperplasia.
Urinary tract infection.
Stage 4 prostate cancer.
Renal disease.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Difficulty initiating urination, incomplete bladder emptying, and dribbling in a 75-year-old male, with likely prostate enlargement on rectal exam, indicate benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). BPH obstructs the urethra, common in aging men. Accurate diagnosis guides treatments like alpha-blockers, preventing complications like urinary retention or kidney damage in elderly patients.
Choice B reason: Urinary tract infections cause burning or cloudy urine, not primarily dribbling or initiation issues, which suggest BPH in older males. Assuming UTI risks missing prostate issues, delaying BPH treatment. This could lead to untreated obstruction, increasing risks of retention or infection, requiring distinct diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
Choice C reason: Stage 4 prostate cancer may cause urinary symptoms, but initiation difficulty and dribbling in older males typically indicate BPH, especially without systemic symptoms. Assuming cancer risks unnecessary invasive testing, delaying BPH management like medications, critical for relieving obstruction and improving quality of life in elderly patients.
Choice D reason: Renal disease causes systemic symptoms like edema or hypertension, not primarily urinary flow issues like dribbling, which point to BPH. Misdiagnosing as renal disease risks overlooking prostate obstruction, delaying treatments like tamsulosin, potentially worsening urinary retention or kidney strain in older males with BPH symptoms.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: The descending colon is located in the left lower quadrant (LLQ), descending along the left abdomen. Assessing this area detects abnormalities like diverticulitis or masses. Accurate localization ensures targeted examination, guiding diagnosis and interventions, critical for managing colorectal conditions and preventing complications in abdominal assessments.
Choice B reason: The right lower quadrant (RLQ) contains the appendix and cecum, not the descending colon, which is in the LLQ. Misidentifying this risks incorrect assessment, potentially missing LLQ issues like colitis, delaying diagnosis and treatment, critical for addressing colorectal pathology in patients with abdominal symptoms.
Choice C reason: The right upper quadrant (RUQ) includes the liver and gallbladder, not the descending colon, located in the LLQ. Assuming RUQ misguides assessment, risking oversight of LLQ conditions like diverticulitis, delaying targeted interventions, essential for accurate diagnosis and management of abdominal issues in clinical practice.
Choice D reason: The left upper quadrant (LUQ) contains the stomach and spleen, not the descending colon, which resides in the LLQ. Misidentifying this risks missing LLQ pathology like masses or inflammation, delaying diagnosis and treatment, critical for effective abdominal assessment and management of colorectal conditions in patients.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Abdominal distention is an unexpected finding, potentially indicating serious issues like bowel obstruction, ascites, or organ enlargement, requiring urgent reporting. Unlike normal findings like symmetry, distention demands investigation. Prompt documentation ensures timely diagnosis and intervention, critical for preventing complications in patients with abdominal abnormalities.
Choice B reason: Silver striae are expected from skin stretching (e.g., pregnancy or weight gain), not typically concerning unless new or severe. Distention is more urgent. Assuming striae require reporting risks diverting focus from serious findings, potentially delaying evaluation of critical abdominal conditions needing immediate medical attention.
Choice C reason: Borborygmus (bowel sounds) is a normal finding, indicating active digestion, unless absent or hyperactive. Distention is abnormal and urgent. Assuming borborygmus requires reporting risks misprioritizing normal findings, neglecting serious issues like distention, critical for timely diagnosis and management of abdominal pathology.
Choice D reason: Abdominal symmetry is expected in healthy assessments, unlike distention, which signals pathology. Assuming symmetry is unexpected risks overlooking abnormal findings, diverting focus from urgent issues like obstruction or ascites. Reporting distention ensures prompt evaluation, critical for addressing underlying causes and preventing complications in patients.
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